Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive neuronal loss, leading to brain atrophy. The mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration are not fully understood, which hampers the development of targeted therapies. Genetically encodable fluorescent biosensors (GEFBs) are engineered constructs that can sense changes in specific pathways, enzyme functions, or metabolite levels. When combined with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), GEFBs offer a powerful tool for exploring disease mechanisms and identifying novel therapeutics. This review discusses various GEFBs relevant to neurodegenerative diseases and their potential applications in iPSCs to illuminate unresolved questions about causes and risks for these conditions.

A study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of polygenic risk score (PRS) profiling as a screening tool for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the UK and Australia. Using a Markov cohort model and published data, the study predicts the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for both countries, with results indicating that PRS screening is a promising cost-effectiveness strategy. The screening program is likely to be cost-effective in Australia at 79.2% and in the UK at 60.2%, based on respective willingness to pay thresholds.