Millions of years ago, multiple species of gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs co-existed even in harsh environments. Researchers from Bristol University’s School of Earth Sciences and the Natural History Museum suggest that these dinosaurs evolved specific skull and jaw adaptations to optimize their diets, reducing competition for the same plant material. For instance, Camarasaurus had a strong jaw for tough leaves and branches, while Diplodocus had a delicate skull suited for ferns and soft leaves.

Cats use energy-efficient hunting techniques such as sitting, waiting, stalking, and pouncing to conserve energy. Research by the University of California using high-tech collars on wild mountain lions revealed that these cats adjust their pounce power based on prey size and conserve energy for bursts of speed due to their slow walking pace.

The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (SCCE) at Nanjing University, established in 1920, is a leading institution in China known for its cutting-edge research and global collaborations. With a faculty of 116 full professors and 48 associate professors, the SCCE excels in various chemistry disciplines and has produced numerous academicians. Recent breakthroughs include research on platinum-based cancer drugs, single-cell electrochemistry analysis tools, and micro-interface intensified reaction technology. The SCCE's success is reflected in its high rankings and its commitment to innovation and practical applications in chemistry.

Sea turtles return to their natal beach to lay eggs, relying on the unique magnetic signatures of the coast. A study by the University of North Carolina found that turtles imprint on the magnetic field of their birthplace as hatchlings and use this to navigate back as adults. The exact mechanism of how they detect the geomagnetic field remains unknown, but it may involve magnetic particles in the brain.

The article discusses the benefits and challenges of bilingualism, highlighting the disparity in perceptions between privileged children and those from underrepresented or immigrant groups. Claire Bowern, a linguistics professor at Yale, explains that bilingualism is often seen as a challenge for minority children, leading to educational setbacks. Research shows that bilingualism enhances cognitive skills and academic performance. Initiatives like the Clinton Foundation's Too Small to Fail project aim to promote bilingualism in Hispanic families. The article also compares bilingual education approaches in the U.S. and Australia, advocating for more supportive and flexible educational policies to harness the benefits of bilingualism.

Bias in artificial intelligence (AI) has been a longstanding issue, now gaining public attention due to the widespread use of generative AI. Historical examples, such as the biased admissions algorithm at St. George's Medical School, highlight the problem. Experts like Yeshimabeit Milner and Sanmay Das emphasize that biased training data and data gaps contribute to skewed AI outcomes. Solutions include community engagement, diverse datasets, and regulation. Projects like STANDING Together and research from institutions like the University of Birmingham aim to create fairer AI systems. Stability AI's Emad Mostaque and others advocate for smaller, curated datasets to better reflect societal diversity.

David Hidalgo, co-founder of the Lima-based digital media organization OjoPúblico, leads an investigation into the trafficking of Peruvian cultural artefacts. The investigation, named Memoria Robada, exposes the scale and mechanisms of art smuggling, revealing the involvement of corrupt officials and the challenges in recovering stolen items. The article highlights the difficulties in defining cultural theft, the bureaucratic hurdles in recovering artefacts, and the role of international auction houses in perpetuating the trade. The case of a stolen 17th-century painting of the Virgen de Guadalupe, now in the possession of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange, exemplifies the complexities of art trafficking and the efforts to reclaim cultural heritage.

The article discusses the importance of including geographically diverse sources in scientific journalism to avoid narrative biases and ensure a more accurate representation of global science. It highlights the challenges journalists face, such as language barriers and cultural differences, and offers strategies for overcoming these obstacles, such as leveraging existing contacts, utilizing academic databases, and being creative with communication methods. The piece emphasizes the value of patience and open-mindedness in reporting and the benefits of expanding one's international network to improve journalism.

The article discusses the importance of including geographically diverse sources in science journalism to enrich narratives and provide accurate representations. It highlights the challenges faced by journalists in connecting with experts from the Global South, including language barriers, time zones, and cultural differences. The piece offers practical tips for expanding source lists, such as leveraging existing connections, using academic databases, and utilizing social media. It emphasizes the need for patience and open-mindedness in overcoming these hurdles to achieve better journalism.

Museums worldwide are actively collecting artifacts to document the Covid-19 pandemic, recognizing the historical significance of the moment. Institutions like the Smithsonian, the National Museum of Singapore, and others are gathering items such as masks, medical scrubs, and digital artifacts. Curators face challenges in deciding what to collect in real-time, balancing the need for immediate documentation with the uncertainty of what will be historically relevant. The effort includes contributions from private citizens and community groups, emphasizing the importance of capturing diverse perspectives and grassroots efforts. The process is informed by past experiences with other health crises, aiming to create a comprehensive record for future generations.

Quantum computing holds the potential to vastly outperform current supercomputers, leveraging qubits that exhibit unique quantum mechanical phenomena like superposition and entanglement. Despite the promise, significant challenges remain, particularly in scaling up qubit numbers while maintaining low error rates. Researchers are exploring innovative approaches to address these issues, including the development of 'hot qubits' that operate at higher temperatures, faster quantum gate operations using trapped Rydberg ions, and a new 'Goldilocks ion' for error reduction. These advancements could pave the way for more practical and scalable quantum computing solutions, impacting fields such as AI, engineering, and pharmaceuticals.

Researchers from the University of Vermont, Tufts University, and Harvard University have developed 'xenobots,' millimeter-wide living robots made from frog cells. These xenobots, designed using evolutionary algorithms and built without genomic editing, can move, pick things up, and regenerate after harm. The research, conducted at the Vermont Advanced Computing Core and Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, demonstrates a new direction in bio-manufacturing, leveraging the emergent properties of living cell clusters. Potential applications include AI, robotics, medicine, and environmental cleanup, with the xenobots being 100% biodegradable and capable of self-renewal.

Antiferromagnetic materials (AFMs) are being explored as potential replacements for silicon in future computing technologies due to their unique properties, such as faster intrinsic dynamics and robustness to external magnetic fields. Researchers like Peter Wadley and Lorenzo Baldrati have made significant strides in manipulating AFMs, demonstrating the potential for super-fast memory storage and new forms of artificial intelligence. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including understanding domain structures and scaling down the technology for practical use. AFMs could complement and eventually replace existing technologies, with potential applications in neuromorphic computing.

Experts from computer science, theoretical physics, and philosophy discuss the necessity of a theory for artificial intelligence (AI). Thomas G. Dietterich highlights the need for multiple AI theories, including definitional, design, and survival/robustness theories. Nick Bostrom suggests probability and decision theory as foundational, while Adriano Barra and Soo-Young Lee emphasize the inefficiency of current AI development without theoretical guidance. Future AI theories may emerge from computational models in cognitive neuroscience, with interdisciplinary collaboration being crucial for progress.

Edinburgh, built around the extinct volcano Arthur’s Seat, boasts numerous green spaces including Holyrood Park, Royal Botanic Garden, Princes Street Gardens, Carlton Hill, and the Water of Leith. These areas offer a mix of historical significance, natural beauty, and recreational opportunities, making them popular destinations for both locals and tourists. Key highlights include the Victorian Temperate Palm House, the Scott Monument, and the Beltane Fire Festival.

The article highlights various luxurious and historic venues around the world where couples can host their own royal wedding-inspired celebrations. Featured locations include Iolani Palace in Hawaii, the Biltmore Estate in North Carolina, Schönbrunn Palace in Austria, Castle Menzies in Scotland, the City Palace in Jaipur, India, and Searles Castle in New Hampshire. Each venue offers unique settings and amenities, from opulent ballrooms and manicured gardens to historic architecture and cultural traditions.

Connie Chung, a Harvard graduate who experienced homelessness during her youth, is leveraging her story to advocate for systemic changes in how society addresses youth homelessness. She emphasizes the importance of education, mental health, and substance abuse treatment in schools. Chung credits organizations like Covenant House and Misssey for their support and services, which were pivotal in her journey. She warns against oversimplifying success stories and highlights the complex factors contributing to youth homelessness. Chung continues to work towards reducing youth homelessness and providing comprehensive support for vulnerable children.

Christian Boer, a graphic designer from the Netherlands, created the Dyslexie font to help individuals with dyslexia read more easily. Dyslexia is a lifelong neurological condition that affects how people perceive letters and words. The Dyslexie font has gained attention for its effectiveness and is available for free on various digital platforms. Boer hopes to expand its availability to make reading more accessible for the estimated 5% to 17% of the population with dyslexia. The font has been positively received by educators, businesses, and families, with some users experiencing transformative results.

Opening arguments in Bill Cosby's retrial for sexual assault began after a delay due to concerns about a juror's impartiality. Protesters from the #TimesUp and #MeToo movements, including former 'Cosby Show' actress Nicolle Rochelle, demonstrated outside the courthouse. Rochelle was arrested for disorderly conduct after jumping a barricade and making a political statement. She emphasized the symbolic nature of her protest and the overwhelming number of allegations against Cosby. A group of Cosby's accusers have been holding vigils outside the courthouse, seeking justice.

Edinburgh boasts a rich array of traditional Scottish cuisine, with restaurants like Arcade Haggis & Whisky House, Monteiths, The Witchery by The Castle, and The Café Royal offering dishes ranging from haggis to cullen skink and cranachan pudding. These eateries highlight Scotland's bountiful natural produce, including fresh seafood, Aberdeen Angus beef, and wild game, while also providing a selection of over 100 whiskies and other local delicacies. The city's food scene reflects a revival of traditional Scottish food with a modern twist, catering to both locals and visitors.

Edinburgh offers a rich experience for whisky enthusiasts, with a variety of bars such as The Bow Bar, The Canny Man’s, Teuchters Landing, and Whiski Rooms, each providing a unique atmosphere and an extensive selection of single malts and blends. The Bow Bar is known for its cozy ambiance and over 310 single malts, while The Canny Man’s, established in 1871, is celebrated for its quirky decor and celebrity patrons. Teuchters Landing, with its historical connection to steamboat travel, and Whiski Rooms in the Old Town, offer tastings and food pairings for connoisseurs. The guide highlights the importance of whisky in Scottish culture and the distinctive flavors influenced by regional landscapes and climates.

In 2015 and 2017, emergency alerts for hurricanes Joaquin and Harvey were criticized for their complex language. By 2018, alerts became clearer, but false alarms in Hawaii and the U.S. coasts raised concerns. Emergency managers, aiming to prepare communities for natural disasters, are challenged by the public's varying literacy levels. Thomas Phelan, a late researcher and professor, highlighted the literacy gap in emergency notifications and taught FEMA's Emergency Management Institute. Phelan's research suggested improving readability, numeracy, and computer-based problem-solving in emergency communications. The article suggests that enhancing the accessibility of emergency messages can increase public learning and safety.

Ian Walker and Wayne Hutchison, concierges at the Sheraton Grand Hotel & Spa in Edinburgh, share their extensive knowledge and passion for the city, offering guests unique experiences such as gin tastings and personalized tours. They recommend must-see attractions like Edinburgh Castle and the Palace of Holyroodhouse, and suggest exploring lesser-known spots like Calton Hill and The Elephant House. Their dedication to exceeding guest expectations and their love for storytelling make them invaluable assets to the hotel.

The Guadalupe Hotel Boutique, located in Los Caños de Meca on the Costa de la Luz, offers a laid-back atmosphere with easy beach access and contemporary design. The hotel, restored in 2015 by owners Mónica Rodríguez and Jorge Benito, features nine double rooms with en-suite bathrooms, air-conditioning, and Wi-Fi. The outdoor pool, secure car park, and simple yet tasty breakfast served on the poolside terrace are notable amenities. Nearby dining options include Jaima Meccarola, El Pirata, and La Breña, offering a variety of culinary experiences.

Hotel Punta Sur, located near Tarifa in southern Spain, offers a blend of classy and laid-back ambiance with its meandering gardens, palm trees, and vibrant flowers. The hotel features 38 thoughtfully designed rooms and suites, a grand piano in the lounge, a tennis court, an outdoor pool, and access to spa facilities at a nearby sister hotel. The dining experience includes al fresco meals with Andalucían and international influences, featuring local produce like seafood and Iberian pork. The hotel is ideal for kite-surfers, sun worshippers, birdwatchers, walkers, and cyclists.

Hostal El Anón is a hotel located in Jimena de la Frontera, a hilltop pueblo blanco within Los Alcornocales Natural Park, Spain. It offers a rustic and intimate vibe with patios, terraces, and a rooftop pool with views of the Moorish castle. The hotel is run by Suzana Odell, who has created a place with a family feel and long-time staff. The 12 rooms feature Spanish and Moroccan décor, and the restaurant serves a blend of Andalusian and international cuisine. Despite basic facilities, the hotel is praised for its ambience and value for money, especially as rates do not increase during high season.

The article discusses the unique way in which speakers of the Yupno language in Papua New Guinea conceptualize indoor space. Unlike many languages that use cardinal directions or relative positions to describe space, the Yupno people use imaginary slopes within their homes. This linguistic feature is distinct and separate from the actual physical environment outside their homes. The language is spoken by about 8,000 people in the Finisterre mountain range. The article highlights the fascinating way in which language and culture can shape one's perception and navigation of space.

Four seasoned travelers share transformative experiences and life lessons from their journeys. Aleah Taboclaon recounts a kind act from a stranger that strengthened her faith in humanity. Will Hatton describes overcoming a severe illness and finding new purpose through travel. Chandler O'Leary learns to be present and appreciate each moment, while Chris Guillebeau emphasizes the importance of following one's own path and ignoring societal expectations. These stories highlight the profound impact of travel on personal growth and perspective.

The essay explores the profound impact of wind on human emotions, moods, and behaviors, drawing on personal experiences in the Shetland Islands and Tarifa, Spain. It delves into the folklore and mythology surrounding various winds across cultures, the scientific attempts to explain wind's psychological effects, and the concept of embodiment, which suggests a deep connection between physical sensations and mental states. The author reflects on the nomadic nature of life, metaphorically tied to the winds that have influenced their journey.

India, with the highest adult illiteracy rate globally, faces significant challenges in rural agricultural communities, where illiteracy rates are higher. This impacts agricultural efficiency and perpetuates poverty. Despite these challenges, India's high mobile phone penetration has led to the development of 'AgriApps' like SmartAgri, which help illiterate farmers make informed decisions about their crops using simple, color-coded data. Other apps provide audio-visual crop information and market access, incentivizing literacy. Organizations like PlanetRead leverage technology to improve literacy, suggesting a more literate future for India's farmers.

The article explores the concept of segmented sleep and its connection to creativity. Historically, people experienced two distinct sleep cycles with a period of wakefulness in between, a pattern that has been disrupted by modern lighting and lifestyles. Research by A Roger Ekirch and Thomas Wehr supports the idea that this natural sleep pattern enhances creativity and reflection. The article discusses how certain creative individuals, such as writers and artists, have found ways to adapt their routines to accommodate segmented sleep, thereby tapping into a more dreamlike and creative state of mind.