A Montreal Jewish school was struck by gunfire, marking the second such attack in Canada within days. Police confirmed that at least one bullet hit the Orthodox yeshiva, following a similar incident where two masked suspects opened fire at a Chabad girls’ school in Toronto. No injuries were reported in either attack.

The Global Black Impact Summit in Dubai on February 27, 2024, celebrates the contributions of Black individuals and organizations in various sectors, particularly in the arts and entertainment industry. The article highlights the historical significance of Black creatives, starting with the Harlem Renaissance, and acknowledges the profound impact of Black artists, authors, musicians, and filmmakers on global culture and economy. It emphasizes the role of Black excellence in driving change and inspiration, and the Summit aims to foster unity, collaboration, and empowerment among professionals across industries.

Jubilee Syringe Manufacturing, Africa's largest syringe manufacturer, has ceased operations in Nigeria due to unforeseen business challenges. The company, which began operations in 2017, announced the end of its production on December 31, 2023, and placed all positions on temporary redundancy effective January 1, 2024, to ensure long-term sustainability. The decision is not a reflection of individual employee performance but a response to the difficult business environment.

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is deeply influenced by both individual and collective trauma, with historical events like the Holocaust and the Nakba casting long shadows over current perceptions and actions. The ongoing violence in Gaza exacerbates this trauma, leading to mutual distrust and empowering extremists. The article argues that both Israeli and Palestinian leaderships exploit these traumas to advance their agendas, perpetuating the cycle of violence. It emphasizes that there is no military solution to the conflict, and continued violence only deepens the suffering and trauma on both sides.

The 1973 Arab-Israeli war, while ending in a military stalemate, is celebrated in Egypt as a significant political victory that led to the return of occupied territories and bolstered the ruling regime. Despite initial military setbacks, Egypt's strategic political maneuvers, including President Anwar el-Sadat's historic visit to Jerusalem, resulted in the recovery of the Sinai Peninsula. The war also restored some Arab confidence and pride, although it has led to a distorted perception of military strength and the potential for forceful reclamation of land. The article highlights the ongoing complexities in Arab-Israeli relations and the unresolved Palestinian issue, emphasizing that durable peace requires justice for Palestinians.

The article explores the historical and cultural contributions of Jewish Arabists and Arab Jews, focusing on figures like Hedwig Klein, Lev Nussimbaum, and Sasson Somekh. It highlights their fascination with Islam, their struggles against antisemitism, and their involvement in leftist movements. The narrative delves into the tragic and complex lives of these individuals, their contributions to literature, cinema, and politics, and the enduring impact of their work. The piece also touches on the broader context of Jewish-Arab relations and the efforts to preserve the heritage of Arab Jews.

The article explores the intricate and often surprising migratory history of various foodstuffs and culinary practices, highlighting how ingredients and recipes have traveled across borders and civilizations. It delves into the etymology and cultural significance of foods like tomatoes, potatoes, and coffee, and discusses how these items were initially received and eventually integrated into different cuisines. The narrative underscores the interconnectedness of global food culture, challenging notions of food nationalism and emphasizing the shared heritage of culinary traditions.

The EU has provisionally agreed to ban claims of carbon or climate neutrality in product advertisements, a move celebrated by Carbon Market Watch and climate campaigners. The decision concludes negotiations on the Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition directive, aiming to update EU consumer protection laws. The ban targets misleading 'carbon neutral' advertising and is expected to influence the voluntary carbon market and upcoming EU legislation, including the Green Claims Directive and the Carbon Removal Certification Framework. Carbon Market Watch representatives Lindsay Otis and Gilles Dufrasne praise the EU's leadership in combating greenwashing and the signal sent to the voluntary carbon market that offsetting cannot compensate for pollution.

Minorities in Belgium have made significant strides in various sectors, including politics, sports, and culture, becoming more visible and influential. Despite this progress, they face a resurgence of racism and nativism, particularly from the radical right. Trailblazers like Meyrem Almaci, the first minority leader of a Flemish political party, have overcome discrimination and societal expectations to achieve success. High-profile figures like footballer Romelu Lukaku and musician Stromae have become symbols of Belgium's diversity. However, the political landscape is shifting, with the far right gaining ground and centrist parties adopting more conservative stances on immigration and minority issues. The upcoming 2024 elections are a source of concern for minorities, who fear the potential rise of extremist right-wing parties.

Artificial intelligence, particularly large language models, is increasingly influencing journalism, with potential benefits like Big Data journalism and back office automation, but also significant risks such as job losses, fake news proliferation, and the creation of echo chambers. Recent developments, such as Bild's decision to lay off a third of its staff in favor of AI, highlight the urgency of these issues. While AI could democratize media production and enhance investigative journalism, unchecked reliance on AI could exacerbate biases and misinformation. Ethical, social, and environmental considerations must guide AI's integration into media to ensure it complements rather than replaces human journalists.

Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming the media landscape, directly affecting journalism through Big Data and indirectly through search engine and social media algorithms. The integration of AI into content creation raises questions about the future role of human journalists. While AI can democratize media production and enhance investigative journalism, it also poses risks of job loss, misinformation, and bias. The ethical, social, and environmental implications of AI in media must be carefully considered, and decisions about its role should involve all stakeholders.

The article explores the profound impact of artificial intelligence on journalism, highlighting both the potential benefits and significant risks. It discusses the increasing use of AI in content creation, citing examples like Bild and BuzzFeed, and raises concerns about job security, accuracy, and the potential for misinformation. The text emphasizes the need for ethical considerations and democratic involvement in decisions about AI's role in media and society.

The article discusses the resurgence of racism and discrimination in Europe, emphasizing the need for urgent action beyond rhetoric. It highlights the European Union's efforts through the Anti-Racism Action Plan and the first European Anti-Racism Summit. The text underscores the severe discrimination faced by Roma communities, including environmental racism, and criticizes the lack of engagement with marginalized groups. It also addresses the growing hostility towards migrants and refugees, fueled by right-wing leaders. The article calls for a more critical understanding of historical figures like Napoleon and Churchill and advocates for greater diversity within EU institutions and civil society.

Elon Musk's management of Twitter is likened to a modern form of feudalism, characterized by erratic and cruel behavior towards employees. The article criticizes Musk's actions, including the sale of blue tick verifications and workforce reductions, as emblematic of the broader issue of billionaire influence and wealth inequality. It argues that today's billionaires, like Musk, wield extraordinary power with little accountability, exacerbating global inequalities. The text calls for progressive taxation, global regulation, and fair wealth distribution to address these issues, rejecting the modern-day corporate-dominated fiefdoms.

Elon Musk's management of Twitter is likened to a feudal lord's rule, characterized by eccentricity, overconfidence, and harsh working conditions. The article argues that modern billionaires, like Musk, wield extraordinary power and influence, exacerbating global inequality. It criticizes the neoliberal economic model for eroding social safety nets and increasing wealth disparity. The piece calls for progressive taxation, global regulation, and fair wealth distribution to combat the rising inequality and advocates for rejecting the modern-day corporate-dominated fiefdoms.

Vogelsang Ordensburg, a former Nazi social engineering complex, serves as a stark reminder of the dangers posed by extremist ideologies to democracy. Established to train future Nazi leaders, the site now functions as a historical exhibit, highlighting the indoctrination and subsequent war crimes committed by its trainees. The article underscores the importance of remembering such history, especially in the context of current global political challenges, and reflects on the complex nature of heritage tourism and the ongoing relevance of these historical lessons.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has called on its 194 Member States to enhance awareness campaigns, promote screening, and encourage HPV vaccination among young women to combat cervical cancer. Dr. Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa, emphasized the importance of education, regular screenings, and the integration of cancer services into primary health care. WHO supports countries in the region with HPV screening and the use of self-sampling kits. The organization aims to vaccinate 90% of girls by age 15 and screen 70% of women at ages 35 and 45. The initiative addresses the disproportionate impact of cervical cancer on vulnerable communities, with a focus on prevention and timely treatment.

The theory that Queen Elizabeth II was a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, though improbable, highlights the complex post-colonial reality and the intertwined history of Islam and Christendom. The theory originated from a claim by genealogist Harold B. Brooks-Baker in 1986 and suggests a connection through a Muslim princess named Zaida from medieval Spain. The narrative challenges modern Islamist and ultranationalist views by showing the shared history between Britain and Islamic dynasties. The article also discusses the varied reactions to Elizabeth II's death within Muslim communities and the broader implications of the British monarchy's legacy in former colonies, touching on sentiments of nostalgia, admiration, and bitterness towards the British empire.

The article discusses the theory that Queen Elizabeth II was descended from the Islamic prophet Muhammad, a claim that has circulated in Muslim circles and has historical roots dating back to a 1986 letter to Margaret Thatcher by genealogist Harold Brooks-Baker. The theory connects the British royal family to Islamic dynasties and challenges narratives in both Islamist and ultranationalist thought. The article explores the historical context of the claim, tracing potential lineage through medieval Spain and the figure of Zaida, a princess who may have been related to the prophet. The piece also reflects on the symbolic significance of the claim for British Muslims and the complex postcolonial sentiments towards the British monarchy in former colonies, highlighting the nuanced relationship between Britain and the Islamic world.

Despite the official holy war between Islam and Christendom, Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid and Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne exchanged lavish gifts and built a largely forgotten alliance. This relationship, driven by common geopolitical and economic interests, reveals how Christians and Muslims can simultaneously be foes and friends. The two rulers, despite their religious differences, shared common enemies in the Umayyads and Byzantines, and their alliance was marked by mutual respect and strategic cooperation. The article highlights the complexities of historical alliances and the interplay between religion, politics, and economics.

The article explores the controversial claim by Google engineer Blake Lemoine that the AI chatbot LaMDA possesses sentience, sparking a debate on the nature of artificial intelligence and its potential to experience emotions and consciousness. Experts, including Adrian Hilton and Toby Ord, weigh in on the topic, generally agreeing that LaMDA is not sentient but cautioning about the ethical and societal implications of advanced AI. The discussion extends to the broader impact of AI on human labor and the necessity for democratic oversight in AI development to ensure it benefits humanity as a whole.

The FIFA World Cup in Qatar's claim of being the first carbon-neutral tournament is challenged by a new report from Carbon Market Watch. The report, authored by Gilles Dufrasne, suggests that the carbon neutrality claim is based on creative accounting rather than actual carbon footprint reduction to net zero. It highlights the underestimation of emissions from new stadium construction and questions the environmental integrity of carbon credits being purchased for offsetting, indicating that the emissions will likely be higher than organizers expect and the offsets insufficient for a positive climate impact.

The article explores the intricate relationship between fashion and cultural identity, highlighting how traditional and modern clothing styles reflect and influence societal norms and individual identities. It delves into the historical exchanges between Eastern and Western fashion, illustrating how cultural influences have shaped contemporary attire. The piece also addresses the paradox of traditionalism and modernity, discussing how the quest for authenticity can sometimes lead to inauthenticity. Additionally, it touches on the role of clothing in expressing collective identity and the impact of politics and conflict on fashion trends.

The article explores the evolving cultural role of clothing, examining how traditional attire has given way to more globalized fashion trends while still retaining elements of cultural identity. It discusses the historical exchange of fashion between the East and West, highlighting how many Western styles have Eastern origins. The author reflects on personal experiences with traditional Egyptian clothing and the broader implications of fashion on identity, gender roles, and societal norms. The piece also touches on the politicization of garments like the keffiyeh and the complex relationship between modernity, tradition, and authenticity in clothing.

The article explores the migratory history of foodstuffs and cuisines, illustrating how our dinner tables reflect a blend of ingredients from various civilizations. It delves into the etymology and cultural significance of foods like tomatoes, potatoes, aubergines, coffee, and tea, highlighting their journeys across different regions and their integration into local cuisines. The narrative underscores the interconnectedness of cultures through food, challenging notions of food nationalism and supremacy by emphasizing the shared heritage and mutual influences that shape culinary traditions.

Khaled Diab reflects on his experiences with the European Environmental Bureau and the broader environmental movement, highlighting the dedication of activists and the potential for positive change. He discusses the European Green Deal, the impact of youth activists, and the challenges of implementing sustainable solutions. Diab also addresses the social dimensions of environmental issues, including gender and racial inequalities, and the need for holistic changes to our socioeconomic systems to effectively combat climate change and environmental degradation.

The article explores the paradoxical and tragic nature of the Gaza conflict, drawing parallels to Joseph Heller's 'Catch-22'. It discusses the Israeli blockade of Gaza, Hamas's political maneuvers, and the broader implications of the ongoing violence. The piece critiques both Israeli and Palestinian leadership, highlighting the cyclical and self-perpetuating nature of the conflict. It calls for fundamental change to break the vicious cycle of violence and suffering.

Egyptian archaeologists in the Nile Delta uncovered pre-dynastic tombs dating back over 5,000 years, from the Buto period and Naqada III period, as well as tombs from the Hyksos period (1650 to 1500 BC). The discovery in Dakahlia governorate could provide insights into the early periods of Egyptian history and the era of the Hyksos, who migrated into Egypt around 1800 BC. The Buto tombs were oval-shaped with corpses in a foetal position, while the Naqada period tombs contained vessels. The Hyksos tombs were semi-rectangular with extended-position corpses. Artifacts such as ovens, stoves, pottery, and amulets were also found.

Denmark's policy to break up immigrant ghettos by limiting 'non-western' residents in disadvantaged neighbourhoods is critiqued as reflecting a ghetto mentality among the majority rather than minorities. The policy, which includes stripping Syrian refugees of residency permits, is compared to forced assimilation and segregation ideologies. The article argues that the real issue is socioeconomic marginalisation, not identity politics, and warns against Denmark's authoritarian approach potentially leading to fascism. It advocates for policies that combat racism and provide equal opportunities for minorities.

A new simulation suggests that harnessing solar energy could require up to 5% of some countries' territories, potentially causing significant environmental side effects like habitat loss and deforestation. The study, involving the Basque Centre for Climate Change and the LOCOMOTION project, highlights the land use impact of solar installations, especially in the European Union, Japan, South Korea, and India. It suggests that the expansion of solar energy could indirectly increase global cropland cover and lead to biodiversity loss and unaccounted emissions. The article discusses the challenges of desert solar installations and the importance of integrating solar infrastructure into urban spaces or areas with negligible productive or natural value. It advocates for sustainable harnessing of solar power, including maintaining land's previous functions and reducing energy consumption.

Solar power, while abundant and clean, faces significant challenges including land use, environmental impacts, and indirect effects such as deforestation and emissions from land use changes. A study by the Basque Centre for Climate Change highlights the substantial land requirements for solar installations in regions like the EU, Japan, and South Korea. The article suggests that integrating solar panels with agricultural land and focusing on demand-side energy reduction are essential for a sustainable renewable energy future.

The article discusses the controversy surrounding a teacher at Batley Grammar School in West Yorkshire who used images of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad in a religious studies class on blasphemy. Despite the school's apology and the teacher's suspension, protests continued. The author argues that using such images is justifiable in an educational context and criticizes the protesters for their intolerance. The article also highlights the broader issue of radicalization and extremism, both among conservative Muslims and far-right extremists, and calls for promoting multiculturalism and free inquiry in schools.

The European Union is intensifying its efforts to combat racism and discrimination, highlighted by the first high-level European Anti-Racism Summit and the EU’s Anti-Racism Action Plan for 2020-2025. Despite these efforts, Roma communities continue to face profound discrimination, and environmental racism pushes marginalized communities to the toxic margins of society. The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted Roma and other marginalized minorities. The article also discusses the challenges of integrating minorities and the backlash against their growing empowerment, citing examples from France and Britain. It calls for a more critical understanding of historical figures like Napoleon and Churchill and highlights the lack of diversity in EU institutions and the environmental movement. The author, Khaled Diab, reflects on his personal experiences with racism and the structural barriers to diversity in Europe.

Five years after the 2016 Brussels attacks, the Muslim community in Belgium continues to face significant discrimination and stigmatization. The attacks, claimed by ISIL, have led to increased scrutiny and Islamophobia, particularly affecting Muslim women who wear the hijab. Activists and organizations like the Belgian Centre against Islamophobia (CCIB) and the Centre for Equal Opportunities and Opposition to Racism (UNIA) highlight ongoing issues of discrimination in schools, workplaces, and public spaces. Despite some legal victories, such as the lifting of a ban on religious symbols in higher education, the Muslim community remains vigilant against Islamophobic sentiments, especially during commemorations of the attacks.

The article discusses the potential pitfalls of using counterterrorism strategies, similar to those employed during the 'war on terror,' to combat white nationalism in the United States. It highlights the views of Robert Grenier, a former CIA officer, who served during the height of the 'war on terror' in Afghanistan and Iraq. The piece argues that such an approach could backfire and suggests that different strategies are needed to address the issue of white nationalism.

Belgium's increasing diversity, as revealed by a study from Statbel, has sparked contrasting reactions. Progressives celebrate the cultural richness, while far-right figures like Tom Van Grieken of Vlaams Belang spread misinformation and racist rhetoric. The article debunks far-right conspiracy theories about multiculturalism and highlights the essential role of immigrants in Belgium's society and economy. It argues that diversity enriches society and counters the nostalgia for a monocultural past, emphasizing the benefits of a multicultural future.

A decade after the Egyptian revolution, the military continues to exert significant influence over the country's politics and business, with President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi consolidating power by placing loyalists in key military and intelligence positions. Despite the military's historical popularity and role in national pride, el-Sisi has taken steps to prevent any potential threats to his rule from within the military, including reshuffling over 130 high-ranking officials since 2017. The military's business interests have grown, and the 2019 constitution acknowledges its supra-constitutional status, allowing it to intervene in politics independently.

Egypt has regressed to a brutal military dictatorship after a decade of revolution and counterrevolution. The state has failed its citizens, leading to widespread corruption, economic disparity, and social decay. The 2011 revolution was a desperate attempt to save the state, but the regime's denial and oppressive tactics have only worsened the situation. The current regime under General Abdel-Fattah el-Sisi is marked by severe repression and corruption, risking total state collapse if changes are not made.

The coronavirus crisis has highlighted the flaws of a growth-driven economy, revealing its inadequacies for workers and the environment. A new report, co-authored by the EEB and the European Youth Forum, offers a radical blueprint for post-pandemic Europe, challenging the notion that economic growth is essential for job creation. The report suggests that health should be prioritized over wealth and proposes solutions like universal basic incomes, shorter working weeks, and job sharing to ensure wellbeing without economic growth. The pandemic has exposed the economic system's shortcomings and the need for systemic change, emphasizing that the economy should serve life, not vice versa.

The article discusses the significant advancements in automation and artificial intelligence, highlighting their impact on society, the economy, and the environment. It argues that while technology has brought benefits, it has also led to increased economic inequality and environmental degradation. The author calls for a more humane and sustainable approach to automation, including progressive taxation, universal basic income, and thorough assessments of new technologies' social and environmental impacts.

Europeans are increasingly being displaced by climate change, challenging the common perception that climate migrants are primarily from poorer countries. A recent webinar by the EEB and Youth and Environment Europe highlighted this issue, featuring experts like Caroline Zickgraf and Mariam Traore Chazalnoel. The discussion covered the politics of migration terminology, the impact of global warming on various regions, and the role of young people in changing the narrative. Reports from Euronews revealed that nearly 700,000 Europeans have been displaced in the last decade due to climate-related events, with significant underreporting of those affected by long-term environmental changes. The article also detailed personal stories of climate migrants from places like France and Moldova, emphasizing the emotional and social impacts of displacement.

Technological advancements in automation and AI have led to significant socio-economic and environmental challenges. While automation has increased productivity and efficiency, it has also exacerbated economic inequality, reduced job opportunities, and contributed to environmental degradation. The article calls for a balanced approach to technological progress, emphasizing the need for thorough social, environmental, and ethical assessments before implementing new technologies. It advocates for progressive taxation, universal basic income, and a shift towards a more equitable distribution of wealth to ensure that the benefits of automation are shared more broadly.

The 2020 EEB annual conference, held virtually, emphasized the need for the European Union to shift from economic growth to wellbeing within planetary limits. Keynote speaker Kate Raworth highlighted the contradictions in the European Green Deal and called for radical action and binding targets. European Environment Commissioner Virginijus Sinkevičius and other speakers echoed the need for ambitious policies and societal support to achieve sustainability. The conference underscored the importance of inclusive decision-making and the role of the environmental movement in driving systemic change.

The article discusses the misconceptions and scare tactics surrounding socialism in the United States, particularly in the context of the 2020 presidential election. The author, an American living in Belgium, contrasts the benefits of European socialist policies, such as universal healthcare and free education, with the American system. The narrative criticizes the Republican Party's portrayal of socialism as a threat and highlights the improved quality of life in Europe due to these policies.

An estimated 14 million tonnes of microplastics are present on the ocean floor, according to a study by Australia's CSIRO. The research, which analyzed deep ocean samples off South Australia, found that the seafloor contains more than double the amount of plastic pollution compared to the ocean surface. The study highlights the pervasive issue of plastic pollution, its impact on marine ecosystems, and the potential risks to human health. Researchers emphasize the need for effective plastic pollution solutions, including reducing single-use plastics and improving waste management strategies.

The article discusses the success of minorities in various sectors in Belgium, highlighting their achievements across different fields. Despite their success, there is a growing concern among these communities about the rise of a radical racist right-wing movement. This concern is particularly acute as the country approaches its election period, which adds to the sense of urgency and apprehension among minority groups who fear the potential implications of a political shift towards the right.

The article critiques Donald Trump's tendency to deflect responsibility and highlights the irony of other politicians, including UK leaders and former US President George W Bush, blaming Trump for various issues. It underscores the hypocrisy of figures like Boris Johnson and Theresa May, who criticize Trump while having their own controversial histories. The piece also points out the failures of the Democratic Party in addressing systemic issues and the broader political establishment's role in creating the current toxic environment.

The article discusses the often overlooked contributions of ancient Egypt to gender equality, contrasting it with the status of women in ancient Greece. Egyptian women enjoyed legal equality with men, including the right to work, own property, and divorce. The author, Khaled Diab, highlights that despite this legal equality, Egyptian women still faced a glass ceiling. The article aims to provide a historical perspective that challenges the notion that gender equality is a Western concept, offering inspiration for feminists in non-Western societies.

Egypt is experiencing an intensifying crackdown on opposition figures, activists, and journalists, with the regime targeting civil society to weaken its influence. Prominent figures like Mahmoud Hussein and Hossam al-Naggar have been detained, while activists like Azza Soliman face travel bans and asset freezes. The regime's actions have led to widespread disillusionment, with many Egyptians losing hope in the revolution. Despite the repression, civil society remains resilient, with organizations like Mada Masr and the Nadeem Centre continuing their work. The regime's inefficiency and corruption are seen as self-destructive, potentially paving the way for future revolutionary movements.

Belgian peace activist Brigitte Herremans was deported from Israel and banned for ten years due to her refusal to divulge contacts to authorities, highlighting Israel's growing animosity towards NGOs. NGO Monitor has targeted Herremans and her affiliated charities, Broederlijk Delen and Pax Christi, for their work in promoting human rights and allegedly supporting BDS, which Herremans denies. The Israeli government's fear of civil society and rights groups is evident in its legislative actions, such as the controversial NGO law. Despite threats, Palestinian and Israeli activists continue to oppose the occupation and work towards peace.

Khaled Diab critiques Egypt's decision to invest $25bn in a nuclear power plant, arguing that it is a folly given the risks, high costs, and Egypt's lack of scientific and technological expertise. He points out the environmental costs, the potential for dependence on foreign technology and fuel, and the opportunity costs compared to renewable energy sources. Diab suggests that Egypt's future lies in renewables, which offer job creation, business opportunities, and energy scalability, rather than in nuclear energy.

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi's claim of not being a pharaoh is contrasted with the ongoing crackdown on dissent and freedom of expression, including the arrest of satirical group 'Street Children'. The article discusses the historical myth of Egyptian leaders as pharaohs, tracing it back to Gamal Abdel-Nasser's era, and argues that despite Nasser's initial commitment to democracy, he established a personal fiefdom. The piece suggests that the current regime's tactics of coercion and co-option are unlikely to succeed in the face of a population that no longer accepts the old myths, implying that Sisi's regime may be doomed.

The Ottoman Empire's 'millet' system, which granted autonomy to recognized religious or sects, is still influencing the Middle East today, shaping personal status and family laws. This system, which once allowed for a diverse empire, now contributes to social rigidity and identity politics, making it difficult to form hybrid identities. It also leads to institutionalized discrimination and, in extreme cases, persecution, as seen with ISIL's misuse of the religion field on Iraqi ID cards. However, reformers are pushing for change, with successes like civil marriages in Lebanon and the removal of the religion field from Turkish ID cards. The author, Khaled Diab, argues for the removal of religious and sectarian affiliation from official documents to promote freedom of belief and a unified national identity.

German intelligence has obtained recruitment documents of 22,000 ISIL members, revealing that nearly three-quarters of recruits are from Arab countries, with a minimal number from Europe. Despite media hype, European jihadists represent a tiny fraction of the EU's Muslim population. The exaggerated focus on jihadists fuels racism and hate crimes against Muslims in Europe, while far-right groups exploit these fears. The article advocates for a nuanced approach to de-radicalisation, emphasizing cooperation over coercion and highlighting the need to address the rise of far-right extremism.

Boutros Boutros-Ghali, a distinguished Egyptian diplomat and former UN Secretary-General, passed away at 93. He was known for his academic prowess, service in the Egyptian government, and efforts in international diplomacy, including peace negotiations with Israel and the release of Nelson Mandela. Despite challenges such as the Rwandan genocide, Boutros-Ghali's legacy includes his innovative Agenda for Peace and contributions to multilateralism and multiculturalism. His career reflects the complexities of international relations and the need for reform in global governance.

Hosni Mubarak's final speech on February 10, 2011, failed to meet the expectations of millions of Egyptians who hoped for his resignation. The next day, Vice-President Omar Suleiman announced Mubarak's resignation, leading to widespread celebrations. The article reflects on Mubarak's rule, marked by corruption, state incompetence, and a lack of clear succession plans. The 2011 revolution is seen as a pivotal moment that empowered Egyptians to believe in their ability to change their country's reality, despite the ongoing challenges.

In January 2011, Egyptians surprised the world and themselves by rising up against Hosni Mubarak's dictatorship, leading to his ousting. Despite initial euphoria and high expectations, the subsequent years have seen a series of leadership changes and a counterrevolution that has left many disillusioned. The current regime under Abdel-Fattah el-Sisi is described as desperate and reliant on force to maintain control. Despite setbacks, social and cultural revolutions continue, driven by workers, women, and young people. The article highlights the ongoing struggle for democracy and social justice in Egypt, with a hopeful outlook for the future.

The Mogamma, a colossal bureaucratic building in Cairo, is set to close in 2017, much to the relief of many Egyptians. The building, housing 30,000 government employees, symbolizes the inefficiency and corruption of Egypt's bureaucracy. Despite its closure, the article argues that without significant reforms, the same problems will persist elsewhere. The author calls for rationalizing and decentralizing the bureaucracy, paying civil servants a decent wage, and combating corruption to improve the lives of Egyptians.

The article criticizes Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's rhetoric and policies towards Palestinian and Arab citizens of Israel, accusing him of incitement and discrimination. It highlights the unequal treatment of different groups within Israel and the occupied territories, calling for equal rights and full citizenship for all. The author, Khaled Diab, argues that Netanyahu's approach exacerbates divisions and undermines the prospects for peace and equality.

The article explores the involvement of Palestinian women in the current wave of violence and protests in Jerusalem and the West Bank, highlighting the historical and ongoing participation of women in the Palestinian national struggle. It challenges stereotypes about Arab and Muslim women, discussing the intersection of sexism and orientalism. The text delves into the motivations behind women's participation in armed resistance, including personal and political factors, and examines the impact of societal expectations and gender roles. The narrative also touches on the broader implications of the conflict on both men and women, emphasizing the dual oppression faced by Palestinian women under Israeli occupation and a patriarchal society.

ISIS's claim of responsibility for the Paris attacks and its rhetoric of a clash of civilizations is contradicted by its actions, which are driven by territorial and resource interests rather than ideology. The group's primary victims are Muslims, and its conflicts are more about power and influence than religious belief. The article argues that internal clashes within civilizations are more intense and destructive than those between them, as seen in the history of Europe and the schisms within Christianity. The author, Khaled Diab, suggests that recognizing the shared influences among Judaism, Christianity, and Islam can help combat extremist ideologies.

The article challenges the notion of a clash of civilizations between Islam and the West, arguing that ISIL's motivations are more about territorial and political interests than ideological conflict. It highlights the internal conflicts within jihadist groups like ISIL and al-Qaeda, and the historical alliances between Islamic and Western civilizations. The piece also criticizes far-right rhetoric and emphasizes the interconnectedness of Judeo-Christian-Islamic traditions.

A century after the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the Middle East continues to grapple with the legacy of European imperialism, post-colonial despotism, and neo-colonialism. Despite the initial optimism of the Arab Spring, the region faces extreme violence and instability, with countries like Iraq, Syria, Yemen, and Libya in turmoil. The Gulf states, despite their wealth, are vulnerable due to falling oil prices and the war in Yemen. The Middle East is at risk of a regional 'world war' with the involvement of global powers and the Saudi-Iran conflict. However, there are signs of hope with the potential for secularization, a redefined role of religion in politics, and a gender revolution. The end of the oil era may provide the opportunity for the region to build a future of prosperity and justice.

Benjamin Netanyahu's claim that Haj Amin al-Husseini was the mastermind behind the Holocaust has sparked widespread outrage. Critics argue that Netanyahu's remarks are either a cynical propaganda move or a genuine belief in a false narrative. The article highlights the historical inaccuracies of Netanyahu's statement, the backlash from various communities, and the potential motivations behind his rhetoric. It also discusses the broader implications of such statements on Israeli-Palestinian relations and the dangers of dehumanizing the other side in the conflict.

The article critically examines the Oslo Accords and their aftermath, highlighting the failures and shortcomings of the peace process between Israel and Palestine. It discusses the flawed nature of the accords, the impact of extremist actions on both sides, and the role of international aid. The author argues for abandoning the two-state solution in favor of a nonviolent civil rights struggle for equality.

The article explores the concept of tribalism and sectarianism in both the Middle East and the West, arguing that while these issues are often attributed to the Middle East, they are also present in Western societies. The author discusses historical and contemporary examples of tribalism in Europe and the United States, suggesting that effective governance and relative prosperity have cushioned the West from the same level of disintegration seen in the Middle East. The article concludes with a warning that Western societies are not immune to the forces of tribalism and sectarianism.

Egyptian billionaire Naguib Sawiris proposed buying a Mediterranean island to create a refuge for Syrian and other refugees, naming it Ilan in honor of the drowned Syrian child Aylan Kurdi. The plan includes self-sufficiency with refugees building their own infrastructure, challenging European anti-immigrant sentiment. Despite the appeal, issues of sovereignty and practicality pose significant challenges. The article also discusses the broader context of Arab billionaires' philanthropy and the need for systemic change in the Arab world, rather than relying on individual efforts of the wealthy.

The article critically examines the Suez Canal II project, highlighting its symbolic significance and comparing it to past Egyptian megaprojects. Despite the project's engineering merits, the author argues that it is a missed opportunity, suggesting that the funds would have been better spent addressing the pressing issue of the Nile Delta's environmental challenges. The article also draws parallels between current and historical Egyptian leadership, questioning the long-term benefits and financial projections associated with the new canal.

Omar Sharif, an Egyptian actor known for his roles in films such as Lawrence of Arabia and Doctor Zhivago, is remembered for his ability to transcend cultural barriers and challenge Western and Arab stereotypes. Born Michel Chalhoub, he changed his name and converted to Islam to marry Egyptian actress Faten Hamama. Despite his varied roles and international fame, Sharif avoided political art and activism, living a cosmopolitan life. His later years saw a return to quality cinema, but it is his persona, rather than his artistic legacy, that is most missed in an era of cultural polarization.

The article explores the historical and contemporary implications of racial constructs, using the phenomenon of 'Circassian beauties' and the case of Rachel Dolezal to illustrate the artificiality of race. It delves into the legacy of slavery, the complexities of racial identity, and the societal need for clear racial categories, even in the case of prominent figures like Barack Obama. The piece also highlights the persistent and institutionalized nature of racism in the United States, calling for urgent action against both overt and subtle forms of racial discrimination.

Khaled Diab critiques the nostalgia for empire in Middle East politics, particularly the admiration for historical empires' supposed benefits. He dissects the flawed logic of Robert Kaplan's admiration for imperialism, highlighting the chaos and instability it brought, including the arbitrary Sykes-Picot borders and the rise of autocratic post-colonial leaders. Diab argues that the U.S. has continued this legacy of destabilization through support of dictators and military interventions. He suggests that, instead of longing for past empires, the Middle East could benefit from a voluntary, democratic union similar to the European Union, although he acknowledges the current geopolitical challenges to such a vision.

Egypt's former president Mohamed Morsi and 105 co-defendants have been sentenced to death in a trial described as unjust and politically motivated. The article criticizes the Egyptian military's oppressive actions and the broader political persecution of the Muslim Brotherhood, arguing that these actions have radicalized the movement and destabilized the country. It calls for reconciliation and democratic processes to avoid further violence and chaos.

Former Egyptian Justice Minister Mahfouz Saber resigned following public outrage over his televised remarks suggesting that children of modest occupations, such as rubbish collectors, are unsuitable for judicial careers. Nobel laureate Mohamed ElBaradei and others criticized the elitist sentiment, which contradicts Egypt's constitutional guarantees of equal opportunity. The incident highlighted the persistent issues of nepotism and classism in Egypt, despite the social mobility aspirations of the 1952 and 2011 revolutions. The author, Khaled Diab, reflects on the social divisions and the fleeting unity during the Republic of Tahrir, hoping for a renewed focus on social justice.

The article connects the unrest in Baltimore to the legacy of slavery, emphasizing that slavery's impact is not unique to America but a global issue. It highlights the diverse reality of slavery, including the enslavement of various races and nationalities throughout history. The piece discusses the often-overlooked history of white slavery, including Irish slaves sent to the Caribbean and Europeans captured by Barbary pirates. It contrasts slavery in the Arab and Muslim world with that in the Americas, noting the different roles slaves held and the noble act of freeing slaves in Islam. The article criticizes the Arab world's lack of attention to the legacy of slavery, which affects attitudes towards Africans and migrant workers. It concludes that failing to address the impact of slavery allows the past to unduly shape the present.

The article discusses the geopolitical and environmental implications of the Grand Renaissance Dam project in Ethiopia, which has caused tensions with Egypt and Sudan over water resource allocation. It highlights the historical context, the potential for conflict, and the need for cooperation and efficient water management to avert a crisis. The article also emphasizes the importance of addressing environmental challenges and improving water usage efficiency in Egypt.

A Viking woman's ring with an Arabic inscription found in Sweden suggests historical cultural exchanges between Vikings and Muslims. The ring, made of colored glass, indicates possible trade or personal connections with the Middle East. Historical accounts by Arab chroniclers like Ahmad ibn Fadlan provide a nuanced view of Viking interactions, contrasting with modern stereotypes. The article highlights the deep-rooted presence of Islam in Europe and challenges contemporary fears of cultural integration.

The article discusses the implications of the upcoming Israeli elections for the Arab minority in Israel, highlighting the dilemma faced by Palestinian-Israelis regarding voting. It explores the perspectives of various individuals on whether to participate in the elections or boycott them, citing concerns about legitimizing a discriminatory regime. The formation of the Joint Arab List, an alliance of Arab nationalist, communist, and Islamist parties, is seen as a potential game-changer for Arab representation in the Knesset. The author argues that active political participation is crucial for combating discrimination and socio-economic marginalization, and suggests that a civil rights struggle may be the most effective path forward for resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

The phenomenon of selfies has permeated various aspects of society, including jihadist groups who use them for recruitment and image transformation. This trend contrasts with traditional conservative views in Muslim societies, where selfies are sometimes seen as haram. The article explores the historical context of self-portraits and argues that modern technology has democratized self-expression rather than making society more self-centered.

The article explores the hypothetical reaction of Prophet Muhammad to the Charlie Hebdo cartoons, arguing that he would have condemned the murders and possibly forgiven the satirists. It highlights Muhammad's historical tolerance and the pluralistic nature of early Islam, contrasting it with contemporary conservative Islamist views. The piece underscores the importance of freedom of thought and expression, drawing parallels with historical figures like Ibn al-Rawandi and Abu al-Ala’ al-Maarri, and calls for a return to the era of free inquiry to lift Arab and Muslim countries out of their current plight.

The article discusses the decline of freedom of expression and political repression in Egypt since the revolution, highlighting the imprisonment of journalists, the controversial anti-protest law, and the regime's crackdown on dissent. It contrasts Egypt's situation with Tunisia's progress and emphasizes the resilience of independent voices and human rights defenders despite the oppressive environment. The article is critical of the Egyptian regime and supportive of revolutionary and human rights figures.

Belgium, currently experiencing soccer mania due to the World Cup, is facing a national divide that is likely to be highlighted in the upcoming regional, federal, and European Parliament elections. The Dutch-speaking Flanders region leans towards the neoliberal, secessionist Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie, while the Francophone Wallonia region supports the leftist Parti Socialiste. The linguistic divide, absence of national parties and media, and regionalized education contribute to the country's fragmentation. Brussels, officially bilingual, is now predominantly Francophone with a minority of Dutch speakers. The author, a naturalized citizen, laments the disintegration of Belgian unity, noting that for immigrants, identifying as Belgian is easier due to less ethnic baggage. The ethnic diversity of Brussels is reflected in the national soccer team, with players like Vincent Kompany serving as unifying figures.

Libya stands at a crossroads following the defeat of Muammar Gaddafi's forces, with an opportunity to build a new government from scratch. While Libyans aspire for democracy, the National Transitional Council faces allegations of human rights abuses and the challenge of choosing the right democratic model. The author argues for direct democracy, citing its potential benefits over representative democracy, especially in a country lacking political party infrastructure. A hybrid system combining direct democracy with a parliament of independent representatives is proposed as a solution to ensure broad participation and prevent the rise of a new dictator.