The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems, such as malfunctions, leaks, and water shortages exacerbated by climate change. It highlights the growing trend of cities experimenting with small-scale, decentralized water treatment and recycling systems to improve water security and reduce reliance on centralized infrastructure. The author, who studies water systems, explains how these distributed systems work and their benefits, including cost-effectiveness, ease of maintenance, and environmental advantages. Examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, San Francisco, and Windhoek in Namibia are provided to illustrate the practical application of these systems. The article also touches on technological advancements that make water treatment more efficient and the potential for hybrid systems that combine centralized and decentralized approaches. Despite the benefits, the article notes that public perception and the need for robust business models and governance structures are challenges to the widespread adoption of decentralized water systems.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems, such as malfunctions, leaks, and water scarcity exacerbated by climate change. It highlights the growing trend of cities experimenting with small-scale, decentralized water treatment systems as an alternative to traditional centralized systems. These systems, which include wastewater recycling and localized treatment, can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and enhance water security. The author, who studies water systems, explains how natural processes of water purification can be mimicked by modern technology. Examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, and Windhoek are provided to illustrate the implementation of decentralized systems. The article also explores the potential of hybrid systems, combining centralized and decentralized sources, to improve water supply resilience, as demonstrated by a model of Houston. Advanced technologies like membrane-based processes and microbial fuel cells are mentioned as promising methods for water reclamation.

The article provides a weather forecast for Norman, OK, with a focus on the current day's conditions. It describes the weather as bitterly cold with partly cloudy skies and a high of 16 degrees Fahrenheit. The wind is coming from the north at a speed of 15 to 25 miles per hour. For the evening, the forecast predicts mostly cloudy skies that will become partly cloudy after midnight. The area is expected to experience near record low temperatures, dropping to 4 degrees Fahrenheit, with continued northern winds at 15 to 25 miles per hour.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems, such as malfunctions and leaks, and the growing problem of water shortages exacerbated by climate change. It highlights the shift some cities are making towards small-scale, decentralized water treatment and recycling systems. These systems, which can be standalone or hybrid models integrated with centralized systems, are designed to treat and reuse water locally. The author, who studies water systems, explains that decentralized systems can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and environmentally beneficial. The article also explores how technology is advancing to make water more reusable, with examples of membrane-based and electrochemical processes, microbial fuel cells, and energy recovery from biogas. A case study of Houston is presented to show how hybrid systems can improve water supply and pressure, and limit contamination risks. The article concludes that the effectiveness of distributed water systems depends on various factors, including population density, local water demand, and infrastructure.

The article discusses a medical study on the role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The study analyzed clinical, histopathologic, and immunologic variables of 78 CRC patients from the People’s Hospital of Baoan District, using statistical methods like Pearson’s χ2 test, Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox proportional hazards models. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies from Abcam to assess CD3+ and CD8+ TILs. The study found that the ratio of CD3+/CD8+ TILs in the invasive margin was higher in patients with disease recurrence, suggesting that the composition of TILs is more impactful on prognosis than their absolute number. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the hospital, and it suggests that the spatial distribution and composition of TILs are heterogeneous, which may influence the prognosis of CRC patients. The study also discusses the potential of TILs as a predictive indicator for the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage CRC patients.

The article discusses a study on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of PG–OJ, a traditional Chinese medicine, in treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in mice. The study employs the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) algorithm and its derivative, LightGBM, to analyze the complex components of PG–OJ and their effects on tumor growth and cytokines in lung tissues. The study found that certain bioactive components in PG–OJ have a significant impact on inhibiting tumor growth and modulating cytokine levels. The article also covers the pharmacokinetic properties of these components, their absorption, distribution, and elimination in the body, and the use of machine learning to establish a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model. The findings suggest that PG–OJ has potential as an effective treatment for NSCLC, with specific components identified as key to its antitumor effects.

The article discusses a new method for the detection of uric acid without the need for enzymes. This method utilizes a cobalt-based Prussian blue analogue (Co-PBA) known for its high oxidase activity, which allows for both fluorescence and colorimetric detection. The authors, L. Liu, G. Liu, X. Mu, S. Zhao, and J. Tian, have published their findings in the journal 'Analyst' as an advance article. The article also provides information on how to request permission for reproducing material from this publication through the Copyright Clearance Center, and notes that authors contributing to an RSC publication have certain permissions granted automatically, provided proper acknowledgement is given.

The article discusses the challenges of traditional centralized urban water systems and the potential of decentralized or distributed water treatment systems to address water scarcity, particularly in the context of climate change and population growth. It highlights how small-scale water treatment can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and can improve water security and the environment. The author, an Assistant Professor at Iowa State University, explains how modern technology can treat and recycle various types of water, including storm water runoff, industrial water, and wastewater, for drinking purposes. The article also mentions cities like El Paso and San Francisco that are implementing such systems, and the long-standing example of Windhoek, Namibia. The author emphasizes the importance of overcoming public skepticism and the need for robust business models and governance structures to make decentralized systems viable, especially as federal funds become available for water infrastructure improvements.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems, such as malfunctions and water shortages, and the growing interest in small-scale, decentralized water treatment alternatives. These systems, which include wastewater recycling and localized treatment, can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and environmentally friendly. The author, who studies water systems, explains how decentralized systems work and their benefits, such as reducing demand for freshwater and increasing water security. Examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, San Francisco, and Windhoek in Namibia are provided. The article also covers technological advancements in water treatment and the potential of hybrid systems, using Houston as a case study. It concludes by addressing the challenges of public perception and the need for robust business models and governance structures to support decentralized water systems.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems, such as malfunctions and water shortages, and the growing interest in small-scale, decentralized water treatment solutions. These systems, which include wastewater recycling and localized treatment, can be more cost-effective and easier to maintain than centralized systems. They also enhance water security and can be environmentally beneficial. The author, who studies water systems, highlights the technological advancements that make decentralized systems more feasible, such as membrane-based and electrochemical processes. Examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, San Francisco, and Windhoek in Namibia are provided to illustrate the implementation of these systems. The article also addresses the potential of hybrid systems, combining centralized and decentralized sources, to improve water supply resilience, as demonstrated by a model of Houston. Finally, the article notes the challenges to widespread adoption, including public perception and the need for robust business models and governance structures.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems and the growing problem of water shortages in a warming world. It highlights the shift some cities are making towards small-scale, decentralized water treatment and recycling systems as a solution. The author, Lu Liu, explains how these systems can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and can improve water security and the environment. Examples include El Paso and Austin in Texas, San Francisco, and Windhoek in Namibia. The article also touches on technological advancements that make water treatment more feasible and the potential for hybrid systems to supplement centralized water supplies. It concludes by addressing the public perception challenges of water reuse and the opportunity presented by federal funding to improve America's water infrastructure with decentralized approaches.

The article discusses the growing interest in small-scale, decentralized water treatment systems as an alternative to traditional large-scale, centralized water systems. It highlights the vulnerabilities of centralized systems, such as aging infrastructure and increased stress due to climate change, water scarcity, and population growth. The author, Lu Liu, who studies water systems, explains how decentralized systems can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and beneficial for water security and the environment. Examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, San Francisco, and Windhoek in Namibia are provided to illustrate the successful implementation of such systems. The article also touches on technological advancements that make decentralized systems more feasible and the potential for hybrid systems that combine centralized and decentralized approaches. Despite the advantages, the article notes that public perception and the need for robust business models and governance structures are challenges to the widespread adoption of decentralized water treatment.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems and the growing trend towards small-scale, decentralized water treatment solutions. It highlights the benefits of localized water treatment, such as cost-effectiveness, ease of maintenance, and improved water security. The author, Lu Liu, explores various examples of decentralized systems in cities like El Paso, Austin, San Francisco, and Windhoek, Namibia, and discusses technological advancements that make these systems more feasible. The article also addresses the potential of hybrid systems, as demonstrated through a model of Houston's water supply, and the barriers to widespread adoption of water reuse in the U.S. The piece concludes by emphasizing the opportunity for communities to integrate decentralized systems into their water infrastructure, especially in the face of climate change and unreliable water supplies.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems and the growing problem of water shortages in a warming world. It highlights the experimentation with small-scale alternatives such as wastewater recycling and decentralized water treatment systems. The author, Lu Liu, studies water systems and notes that small-scale treatment can be more cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Cities like El Paso and San Francisco are implementing these systems to improve water security and reduce freshwater demand. Technological advances in water treatment, such as membrane-based processes and microbial fuel cells, are making decentralized systems more feasible. The article also mentions a case study in Houston where hybrid systems provided better water supply during outages. Despite the benefits, water reuse in the U.S. is less than 1%, with public perception and the need for robust business models being significant barriers. The article concludes by suggesting that federal funds for water infrastructure could be an opportunity to adopt decentralized approaches.

The article discusses the benefits and growing trend of decentralized water systems in urban environments. Traditional centralized water systems are becoming increasingly vulnerable due to aging infrastructure, climate change, and growing water scarcity. Cities like El Paso and San Francisco are experimenting with small-scale water treatment and recycling plants that are more resilient and can improve water security. The author, Lu Liu, highlights the effectiveness of these systems in various cities around the world, including Windhoek, Namibia, and Murcia, Spain. Technological advances such as membrane-based processes and microbial fuel cells are making these decentralized systems more feasible. The article also addresses the challenges of public perception and the need for robust business models to make these systems cost-effective. It concludes by emphasizing the opportunity for U.S. communities to integrate decentralized systems into their water infrastructure, especially with federal funds becoming available.

The article discusses the growing trend of cities experimenting with small-scale, decentralized water treatment systems as an alternative to traditional, centralized water systems. These systems, which include wastewater recycling and localized treatment strategies, are being adopted due to their cost-effectiveness, ease of maintenance, and ability to improve water security and the environment. The author, Lu Liu, highlights the technological advancements that make these systems more feasible, such as membrane-based and electrochemical processes, and microbial fuel cells. Examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, San Francisco, and Windhoek in Namibia are provided to illustrate the practical application of these systems. The article also addresses the challenges of public perception and the need for robust business models and governance structures to support the adoption of decentralized water systems. The potential for these systems to provide water security in the face of climate change and infrastructure challenges is emphasized.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems and the growing interest in small-scale, decentralized water treatment and recycling systems as a solution to water shortages exacerbated by climate change. The author, Lu Liu, explores how cities like El Paso, Texas, and Windhoek, Namibia, are implementing these systems to improve water security and reduce reliance on centralized infrastructure. The article highlights the technological advancements that make decentralized systems more feasible, such as membrane-based processes and microbial fuel cells. It also addresses the potential of hybrid systems, using Houston as a case study, to supplement existing water supplies and improve resilience against disruptions. Despite the benefits, the article notes that public perception and the need for robust business models are challenges to widespread adoption. The piece concludes by suggesting that with federal funding, U.S. communities have an opportunity to integrate decentralized systems into their water infrastructure.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems, such as malfunctions and water shortages, and explores the potential of small-scale, decentralized water treatment systems as a solution. It highlights how these systems can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and can improve water security and the environment. The author, who studies water systems, explains how technology is advancing to make water more reusable, with examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, and Windhoek, which have implemented such systems. The article also examines the potential of hybrid systems, combining centralized and decentralized sources, to improve water supply resilience, as demonstrated by a model of Houston. Despite the benefits, the article notes that public perception and the need for robust business models and governance structures are challenges to the widespread adoption of decentralized water systems. The author concludes by emphasizing the opportunity for U.S. communities to integrate decentralized systems into their water infrastructure, especially with federal funding available, and the global importance of these systems in the face of climate change.

The article discusses the challenges faced by large urban water systems, such as malfunctions, leaks, and water shortages exacerbated by climate change. It highlights the growing trend of cities experimenting with small-scale, decentralized water treatment systems as an alternative to traditional centralized systems. These systems, which include wastewater recycling and localized treatment, can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and improve water security and the environment. The author, who studies water systems, explains how technology is advancing to make water more reusable, with examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, and San Francisco. The article also touches on the potential of hybrid systems, combining centralized and decentralized approaches, to improve water supply resilience, as demonstrated by a model of Houston. Despite the benefits, public perception and the need for robust business models and governance structures are challenges to the widespread adoption of decentralized systems.

The article discusses the challenges of large urban water systems and the growing interest in small-scale, decentralized water treatment alternatives. It highlights the vulnerabilities of centralized systems, such as malfunctions and leaks, and the additional stress from climate change, water scarcity, and population growth. The author, an assistant professor, explains how decentralized systems can be more cost-effective, easier to maintain, and beneficial for water security and the environment. Examples from cities like El Paso, Austin, San Francisco, and Windhoek in Namibia are provided to illustrate the use of such systems for recycling wastewater for various purposes, including drinking. The article also touches on technological advancements that make decentralized systems more feasible and the potential for hybrid systems to supplement centralized ones. It concludes by addressing the challenges of public perception and the need for robust business models and governance structures to support the adoption of decentralized water treatment.