Residents of Bidapaju village in Odisha, India, were unaware of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) until 2020, despite its enactment in 2006. A non-profit, Nirman, informed them about their rights, leading to skepticism initially. The forest department had marked trees for timber without villagers' consent, but after learning about the FRA, the villagers protested and prevented tree cutting. They faced challenges, including boundary disputes with an adjacent village, but eventually claimed 738 acres of forest land. The villagers now manage forest resources responsibly, with a system for timber and bamboo harvesting. The Divisional Forest Officer, Kshama Sarangi, acknowledged the FRA's benefits but warned of its misuse and the need for thorough checks before granting titles.

The Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre has developed a Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) vaccine, initially trialed on guinea pigs and rats, aimed at protecting the Asiatic lion population in Gir National Park. The vaccine is a response to a 2018 incident where 27 lions died from CDV. The vaccine will undergo three trials before potential administration to lions, despite concerns from wildlife researchers about the impact of captivity on vaccinated lions. The 33 lions vaccinated in 2018 remain in captivity, raising questions about the feasibility of releasing vaccinated lions back into the wild. The Gujarat Forest department seeks to have a locally available vaccine, contrasting with previous imports from the US. Experts are divided on the approach, with some suggesting vaccination of dogs to prevent disease spread and others advocating for natural selection. The National Tiger Conservation Authority of India's 2020 protocol includes vaccinating dogs against CDV to protect tigers.

Millet consumption among tribal communities in Madhya Pradesh, India, is declining due to the Green Revolution's promotion of rice and wheat. Despite millets' nutritional value and climate resilience, tribal populations have shifted to rice, which is freely accessible through the public distribution system, leading to nutritional deficiencies. Efforts to revive millet consumption include the United Nations declaring 2023 as the International Year of Millets and local initiatives promoting millet-based foods. However, challenges such as traditional processing methods, lack of minimum support price, and the loss of traditional recipes hinder the mainstreaming of millets. NGOs and government schemes are working to address these issues, with some success in promoting millet cultivation and consumption.

Kuno National Park in Madhya Pradesh is preparing for the arrival of African cheetahs, with heightened security and infrastructure developments such as quarantine centers and helipads. The project, overseen by the Prime Minister's Office, involves experts from the Cheetah Conservation Fund and the Wildlife Institute of India. Local villagers, particularly from the Saheriya tribe, are optimistic that the cheetahs will boost tourism and development, although some are indifferent or misinformed about the project's status. The monsoon season has caused accessibility issues, with damaged roads and lack of network coverage, highlighting the challenges faced by residents in remote areas. Rehabilitation efforts are underway for villages affected by these issues, with the promise of better opportunities and infrastructure.

Approximately 50,000 tribals from Chhattisgarh, displaced by the Maoist-Salwa Judum conflict in 2005 to Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, are ineligible for land entitlements under the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Act, according to the Union Minister for Tribal Affairs. The tribals, categorized as Internally Displaced People, are struggling to obtain land titles in their new states, despite a day-long protest in New Delhi. The minister clarified that the Act's provisions do not apply to those displaced by conflict, as opposed to government projects. Activists argue that the government's support of Salwa Judum technically constitutes 'illegal eviction or displacement.' The Ministry is working on guidelines for clarity but has made little progress. The Chhattisgarh government has been asked to list IDPs for in-state rehabilitation, while the state has expressed willingness to welcome back and rehabilitate the displaced tribals. However, many IDPs have established new lives and do not wish to return to Chhattisgarh.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) government has approved the auction of 16 oil blocks, with nine in the Cuvette Centrale of the Congo river basin, a critical ecosystem. Greenpeace Africa has condemned the decision, highlighting the potential catastrophic effects on climate and local communities, and is urging the DRC to revoke the decision. The Cuvette Centrale, rich in carbon and vital for many communities, was intended to be protected under the Brazzaville Declaration. The DRC's commitment to climate solutions is questioned by this move, especially after the country's pledge to fight global warming and the $500 million donor pledge to protect its rainforests at COP26.

The Indian Desert Cat sighting in the Akola buffer zone of the Panna Tiger Reserve (PTR) in Madhya Pradesh, initially considered rare, is challenged by independent wildlife experts. The species, adaptable to various habitats, has been spotted in central and western India, including the PTR in 2018, with 541 sightings recorded in 2018-19. The cat's presence in forests is less due to competition with the dominant Indian jungle cat. The PTR field director seeks authentication of the WII's photographs, which have not been shared with the reserve. The Indian Desert Cat is listed as 'Least Concern' on the IUCN Red List. The PTR buffer zone's restrictions on human activities may have facilitated the cat's jungle ventures. Sightings in the Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary suggest the species' adaptability to semi-arid conditions. The cat's population is difficult to ascertain without direct evidence, and sightings have decreased due to road accidents and habitat loss.

The Zoological Survey of India and the Odisha government have initiated a flipper-tagging program for Olive Ridley turtles at Rushikulya and Gahirmatha rookeries in Odisha. The project aims to tag 30,000 turtles to aid in conservation planning, with 8,450 already tagged. Despite a delay due to the turtles not arriving en masse the previous year, Anil Mohapatra of ZSI is optimistic about tagging 10,000 turtles annually over three years. The program is part of a long-term species monitoring strategy, although only about half the tags are expected to remain functional after the turtles leave the nesting sites.

The proposed Rubber (Promotion and Development) Bill, 2022, which aims to replace the Rubber Act of 1947, has been criticized by James Jacob, former director of the Rubber Research Institute of India, for making the Rubber Board redundant and not ensuring a fair price for rubber growers. The bill redefines rubber cultivation as an industrial activity, potentially affecting legal implications and WTO negotiations. It also allows the central government to supersede the Rubber Board's authority and exempts certain industries from registration and trade certificate requirements. The bill does not provide a framework for replanting plantations or a mechanism to ensure fair pricing for growers, which could harm their interests and livelihoods.

The relocation of cheetahs from South Africa and Namibia to Kuno National Park in Madhya Pradesh, India, has been delayed due to various challenges, including difficulties in keeping leopards out of the cheetahs' enclosure and pending bureaucratic processes between the donor countries and India. The cheetahs are expected to arrive by the end of August, after the initial plan for an arrival before India's 75th Independence Day was postponed. The park's staff is working to capture leopards that have entered the cheetahs' enclosure, with only two caught so far. The project also faces hurdles with the pending Memorandum of Understanding with South Africa and the signing of the permit for translocation from Namibia.

The arrival dates of cheetahs from Namibia and South Africa to Madhya Pradesh, India, are not confirmed, according to Prakash Verma, the divisional forest officer of Kuno wildlife division. A team of Indian wildlife officials received training in handling and managing cheetahs during a 10-day tour in Namibia and South Africa and plans to impart this knowledge to staff at Kuno. The cheetahs will be closely monitored upon arrival and kept in enclosures to ensure their adaptation to the new environment. South Africa and Namibia are vaccinating the cheetahs and following CITES protocols for international translocation. Kuno has prepared a 500-hectare enclosure with surveillance and fencing to accommodate the cheetahs. The project aims to reintroduce African cheetahs to India, where the Indian cheetah was declared extinct in 1952.

India's abrupt coal mine closures have disproportionately affected women, leading to significant economic and social challenges. In contrast, Germany's structured approach to coal phase-out, particularly in Lusatia, offers valuable lessons. Women-led initiatives in Germany have played a crucial role in ensuring gender equity during the transition. By leveraging Germany's expertise, India can navigate its energy transition more effectively, ensuring inclusive and sustainable development. The article highlights the importance of early planning, stakeholder engagement, and robust governance in achieving a just transition.

Unplanned coal mine closures in India, particularly in Madhya Pradesh, have led to significant unemployment and socio-economic challenges, disproportionately affecting women and young girls. The closures have resulted in increased domestic violence, school dropouts, and child marriages. The situation is exacerbated by the lack of alternative employment opportunities and inadequate planning for community rehabilitation. While India is working on a coal mine closure framework with the World Bank, the implementation of just-transition policies remains slow. Comparisons with Germany's coordinated approach to mine closures highlight the need for more inclusive and effective strategies in India. Non-governmental organizations are actively researching and developing plans for economic diversification and upskilling to support affected communities.

The Asiatic wildcat, also known as the Indian desert cat, faces significant threats from hybridization with domestic cats and habitat loss due to renewable energy projects. Despite its ecological importance, the species is understudied and lacks comprehensive conservation efforts. Sumit Dookia, a wildlife biologist, has been researching the species for over 15 years, highlighting the need for genetic screening and landscape-level conservation projects. The Asiatic wildcat's population has declined significantly in Rajasthan, and there is an urgent need for legal protection of its habitats and promotion of hedge rows around agricultural fields to support its survival.

With an estimated 50 individuals left in India, the caracal is critically endangered and possibly on the brink of extinction. Concentrated mainly in Rajasthan and Gujarat, the species faces an uncertain future despite being listed under the highest protection category in India. Experts are puzzled by the decline, as habitat loss and prey scarcity do not seem to be the primary issues. Conservation efforts are underway, including a Species Recovery Plan and potential breeding programs, but challenges remain in identifying the root causes of the population decline. Collaborative studies and surveys are being conducted to devise effective conservation strategies.

India's push for electric vehicles (EVs) aims to reduce urban air pollution, but the environmental benefits are questioned due to the country's reliance on coal-based electricity. Despite efforts to increase renewable energy, coal remains a significant source of power, potentially shifting pollution from urban to rural areas. Experts highlight the need for more charging infrastructure and renewable energy incentives. The discovery of lithium deposits in Jammu & Kashmir could reduce dependence on imports for EV batteries, but mining poses environmental challenges. The article underscores the complexity of achieving true environmental benefits from EV adoption.

Leadership is essential for addressing the climate crisis, as emphasized by experts at the Green Goals Summit in Dubai. Effective leadership is crucial for achieving the 1.5C warming goal and integrating environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals into business strategies. Key figures like Hanan Al Yafei, Fazil Abdul Rahiman, and Ayman Ismail highlighted the importance of measuring carbon footprints, developing climate-related investment strategies, and decarbonizing supply chains. Challenges such as geopolitical issues and lack of awareness persist, but the role of leadership in setting agendas and empowering youth is vital for sustainable development. Companies like Schneider Electric are actively working with suppliers and youth-led startups to promote sustainability.

Several captive elephants of Assam origin have been moved without permission to neighboring states and are being used for illegal activities. The Assam PCCF has directed that all such elephants must be examined for microchips, and those without microchips must undergo a DNA progeny test.

Residents of Tilabadi and Mittukuli villages in Odisha maintain a harmonious relationship despite a dispute over 100 hectares of forest land claimed under Community Forest Resource Rights (CFRR). Both villages have applied for CFRR titles and have already started forest management plans. They share resources and celebrate festivals together, standing united against the forest department. The dispute will be resolved by the Sub-Divisional Level Committee. Villagers have formed committees to manage forest resources and plan to auction tendu and saili leaves for better income and forest conservation.

Wildlife conservationists are concerned about desert foxes in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, suffering from mange, a skin disease caused by parasitic mites. Experts warn that the disease could spread if not treated, but the forest department has been dismissive. Discrepancies exist between local reports and official counts of infected foxes. Treatment is challenging due to the difficulty in administering medicine to wild foxes. The disease's origin is uncertain, with possibilities including contact with infected camels or stray dogs.

Leaders are increasingly looking to youth for innovative solutions to environmental challenges such as water scarcity, waste management, and emissions. PepsiCo's Wael Ismail emphasizes the importance of youth involvement, especially with COP28 in the UAE. Various youth-led startups in the MENA region are making significant strides in waste recycling, water conservation, and sustainable fashion. Notable initiatives include Edama Organic Solutions' organic waste recycling, Sacred Groves' e-waste management, and Badia Farms' hydroponic farming. These efforts highlight the potential of young entrepreneurs to drive sustainable change.

India is increasing its reliance on biofuels to meet its net-zero emissions target by 2070, with significant advancements in ethanol blending and the development of vehicles capable of using higher ethanol blends. However, this shift raises concerns about food security, as the production of ethanol from food grains like rice, corn, and sugar could exacerbate hunger issues in a country already struggling with malnutrition. Experts suggest using biomass waste for biofuel production to avoid diverting food resources. The expansion of sugarcane cultivation for ethanol production also poses risks of water scarcity, particularly in states like Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra. The government maintains that it prioritizes food security while also addressing energy needs, advocating for a balanced approach of 'Food with Fuel.'

Great Indian Bustards in Rajasthan's Desert National Park have laid around 20 eggs this breeding season, attributed to good rainfall and conservation efforts. Authorities credit the luxuriant growth of sewan grass and increased food availability for this success. A predator-proof enclosure has also contributed to the safe laying of eggs. Plans for a larger enclosure are in place but delayed due to budget constraints. The breeding center has successfully hatched 20 chicks since its establishment in 2019. Experts emphasize the need for long-term conservation plans and addressing habitat loss due to power lines.

Olive Ridley turtles, one of the smallest sea turtles, are facing significant threats from climate change and extreme weather events, which may lead to a decline in their population. On Odisha’s Rushikulya beach, frequent flooding and cyclones have been damaging turtle eggs, with around 25% of eggs washed away during recent tidal surges. Rising global temperatures may also disrupt the gender ratio of hatchlings, posing another threat to their population. Studies are ongoing to understand the full impact of climate change on these turtles, but evidence suggests a decline in nesting populations in regions like Costa Rica, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Malaysia, and Pakistan. Conservation experts emphasize the importance of protecting these turtles to maintain the balance between terrestrial and marine ecosystems.

Young people in the Middle East are experiencing significant mental health challenges due to climate anxiety, feeling helpless and anxious about the future. Experts highlight that the region is particularly vulnerable to climate change, exacerbating these feelings. Climate anxiety is affecting major life decisions, including family planning and career choices. While it can drive positive environmental actions, it also leads to stress and functional impairment. Experts emphasize the need for recognition and coping mechanisms, including therapy and lifestyle changes, to address this growing issue.

The Green Goals Summit 2023 highlighted the urgent need for immediate action to address the climate crisis, emphasizing the importance of the upcoming COP28 as a critical moment for global climate policy. Experts advocated for a revival of circular economy principles and stressed the importance of including diverse stakeholders, particularly youth, in decision-making processes. Key speakers underscored the alarming rise in greenhouse gas emissions and the necessity for bold, transformative actions to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. The summit concluded with a call for collective efforts to create a sustainable future.

Since the launch of India's cheetah reintroduction programme in 2022, six of the 20 adult cheetahs brought from Namibia and South Africa have died, with the recent deaths of three cheetahs in Kuno National Park raising concerns about their monitoring and wellbeing. The deaths were attributed to maggot infestation in wounds under radio collars and septicaemia. The Cheetah Conservation Fund and Kuno National Park vet team conducted post-mortem examinations confirming the cause of death. Differences in weather patterns between the Northern and Southern hemispheres and the cheetahs' inability to adapt to India's climate and heavy monsoons are believed to have played a role in the poor survival rate. Experts suggest that the cheetahs' thick winter coats and high humidity contributed to the problem. Radio collars have been removed from surviving cheetahs for a better monitoring solution. The project's management and the decision-making process have been criticized, with calls for reassessment and a focus on establishing high-quality habitats before introducing more cheetahs.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is seen as a key technology to address sustainability challenges in the Middle East, a region facing water scarcity and high temperatures exacerbated by climate change. IoT's potential lies in reducing waste, cutting greenhouse gas emissions, and finding applications across various domains such as real estate, transportation, and agriculture. The Middle East has high IoT adoption rates, with significant initiatives in smart cities and renewable energy. Experts like Tareq Alangari and Miguel Lasprilla highlight IoT's role in creating smart cities, optimizing energy use, and transforming agriculture through precision farming. Challenges to IoT implementation include infrastructure readiness, regulatory frameworks, data privacy, and the need for skill development. Collaboration between technology providers, governments, and stakeholders is essential to overcome these challenges and promote IoT for sustainable development.

The Green Goals Summit highlighted the critical role of circular economy principles in addressing climate change and enhancing sustainability. Experts emphasized the need for a transition from the linear 'take, make, use, and dispose' model to a circular one, where reuse and repurposing of products are prioritized. The UAE, aligning with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, is actively integrating these principles into its green agenda. Key issues discussed included the magnitude of resource extraction and waste generation, the importance of legislation and policy to drive sustainability, and the need for a mindset shift towards sustainable consumption. The role of governments and multinational companies in leading this transition was also acknowledged, with a focus on incremental actions and individual efforts for sustainable development.

The Green Goals Summit in Dubai focused on the upcoming COP28, emphasizing the need for robust policy regulations, partnerships, and ESG measurement standards. Experts like Khaled Al Huraimel of BEEAH and Christina Struller of ISMEA highlighted the importance of stakeholder engagement and addressing the needs of vulnerable communities. Dr. Prashanth Marpu of Bayanat discussed the challenges of data manipulation in ESG progress, while Wael Ismail of PepsiCo pointed out policy restrictions affecting renewable energy transitions. The summit concluded that collaborative efforts and strategic partnerships are essential for the success of COP28 and achieving sustainable and resilient futures.

The Green Goals Summit emphasized the necessity of innovation, investment, and sustainable business practices to achieve a net-zero carbon economy by 2050. Experts called for supportive regulations and business-friendly policies to facilitate the transition. The Middle East, particularly the UAE, is gaining momentum in this shift. First Abu Dhabi Bank and Aldar Properties were mentioned for their sustainability efforts. Challenges in real estate sustainability were discussed, highlighting the need for government incentives and long-term investment considerations. Stakeholder involvement and innovative solutions were also deemed crucial for reaching net-zero goals.

Quantum computing is emerging as a potential solution to various sustainability challenges in the Middle East, with applications ranging from climate modeling to optimizing electric vehicle batteries. Experts like Dr. Hisham Sati from New York University Abu Dhabi and Dr. Heike Riel from IBM Research Quantum Europe discuss the technology's promise in areas such as water desalination, food security, and supply chain management. NASA's Davide Venturelli also highlights the role of quantum computing in natural disaster prediction. While the technology is still nascent, significant progress is being made, and the scientific community is optimistic about its role in achieving net-zero goals.

The Internet significantly contributes to global carbon emissions, with data centers consuming vast amounts of electricity. The Middle East is addressing this issue by developing more sustainable AI platforms like Vicuna, which reduces energy consumption compared to other platforms. Individuals can also reduce their carbon footprint by switching to basic HTML emails, minimizing email attachments, streaming videos in lower resolutions, optimizing app use on devices, and downloading content instead of streaming. These actions collectively help in reducing the Internet's carbon emissions.

In Pathri, a village in Madhya Pradesh's Balaghat district, residents have successfully protected a 130-acre forest from fires for over eight decades through collective action and traditional knowledge. The villagers, led by a 15-member committee called Sarvajanik Bid Samiti, take turns patrolling the forest, removing dry grass and leaves to prevent fires, and ensuring no healthy trees are cut down. This community-driven approach has not only preserved the forest but also provided a source of income through the sale of Bid grass and dead wood. The villagers prefer managing the forest themselves, fearing that external intervention might disrupt their effective conservation practices.

Between 2016 and 2020, over 19,049 tonnes of Red Sanders logs were illegally exported from India, with China being the largest importer. Red Sanders, an endangered species found in Andhra Pradesh, is under threat due to illegal logging. Discrepancies in trade reporting were noted by TRAFFIC and WWF-India. The Andhra Pradesh Forest Department has taken measures to combat this issue, including the formation of a Red Sanders Anti-Smuggling Task Force in 2014.

India's push for electric vehicles (EVs) aims to reduce urban air pollution, but the reliance on coal-based power for charging these vehicles raises concerns about shifting pollution to rural areas. Despite efforts to increase renewable energy, coal remains a significant source of electricity. The article highlights the environmental impact of lithium mining and the challenges in implementing green energy solutions. Experts suggest that while EVs may reduce urban emissions, they could exacerbate rural pollution due to increased coal usage. The government is taking steps to promote renewable energy and improve grid infrastructure, but significant challenges remain.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi will oversee the first global intercontinental translocation of African cheetahs from Namibia to Kuno-Palpur National Park in India on his 72nd birthday, September 17, 2022. The cheetahs, consisting of four males and four females, will be transported in specially designed crates and will first land at Jaipur International Airport before being airlifted to Kuno. Preparations at Kuno include the construction of a fenced enclosure and the introduction of 238 chitals to increase the prey base. Efforts are ongoing to capture a sub-adult leopard within the enclosure. A team from South Africa is currently assessing the preparations, and a memorandum of understanding will be signed once they are satisfied. Modi will also meet a women’s self-help group in Sheopur district during his visit.

Eight African cheetahs from Namibia will be reintroduced to India, arriving in Jaipur on September 17, 2022, coinciding with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's birthday. The cheetahs will be relocated to Kuno-Palpur National Park in Madhya Pradesh. The Cheetah Conservation Fund (CCF) has coordinated the logistics, with support from Aquiline International Corp and Action Aviation. The project aims to establish a wild metapopulation of cheetahs in India over the next 15 years. Key figures involved include Laurie Marker, Hamish Harding, Eli Walker, Barthelemy Balli, and Ana Basto.

The Supreme Court of India has quashed a plea against the Gadgil and Kasturirangan reports concerning the Western Ghats. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) received numerous objections to the fourth draft notification, which were ignored. In 2014, former Kerala Chief Minister Oommen Chandy established an expert committee to address the issues in the previous reports, recommending changes to the Environmentally Fragile Land (EFL) clauses in the Western Ghats.

Most protected areas in South Africa, which hosts Africa's largest cheetah population, are legally required to be fenced. However, Kuno in India is not fenced, making it a unique case in wildlife conservation.

Biodiversity collapse and the extinction of over a million species, including insects, will lead to a world where humans struggle to survive, according to the Human Development Report 2021-22 by the United Nations Development Programme. The report highlights the unpreparedness of humans for climate crises and the critical role of insects in ecosystems. It underscores the unprecedented speed of human impact due to the Anthropocene and the essential functions insects perform in terrestrial ecosystems. The report also warns of new planetary uncertainties and the significant threats posed by human-induced changes, emphasizing the need for sustainable agricultural practices to meet rising food demands.

The Union Ministry of Mines has proposed to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) to eliminate the requirement for forest clearance for mining exploration activities. Alok Tandon, the secretary of the mines ministry, confirmed the proposal during a meeting, emphasizing that exploration activities should not be considered as forest area diversion. The proposal aims to amend the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, to facilitate more efficient exploration and auctioning of mineral blocks. The ministry argues that exploration activities have minimal impact on forest land and that forest clearance should only be required for actual mining operations. The proposal is currently under public consultation and seeks to streamline the process to boost mineral production in India.

An audit by the Comptroller Auditor General (CAG) revealed widespread violations of coastal zone regulations by several projects in India. The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) approved projects without proper environmental impact assessments (EIA), with consultants lacking accreditation, using outdated baseline data, and without evaluating environmental impacts or addressing disaster risks. Examples include a natural gas pipeline by Mahanagar Gas Ltd in Maharashtra and a hotel construction in Mangaluru, Karnataka. The audit also found that expert appraisal committees (EAC) granted clearances without the presence of domain experts and that State Coastal Zone Management Authorities (SCZMA) were not properly reconstituted or lacked manpower. Additionally, local community participation was found to be lacking in district level committees (DLC). The CAG criticized the absence of an active website for the National Coastal Zone Management Authority to share information.

The Wildlife Protection Amendment Bill, passed by the Lok Sabha on August 3, 2022, has sparked controversy due to a clause allowing elephants to be used for 'religious or any other purpose.' Critics, including PETA India and the Centre for Research on Animal Rights, argue that this could lead to increased illegal capture and cruelty towards elephants. The Parliamentary Standing Committee recommended the inclusion of religious purposes but did not address the vague 'any other purpose' clause. The amendment has been criticized for potentially regressing animal rights and conservation efforts in India.

India and Namibia signed an MoU to bring eight cheetahs to India in August 2022, marking a significant step in wildlife conservation. The cheetahs will be screened, vaccinated, and quarantined before being introduced to Kuno National Park, which has been prepared with enclosures and a predator-proof fence. This project aims to reintroduce cheetahs to India, where they were declared extinct in 1952, after unsuccessful attempts to obtain Asiatic cheetahs from Iran.

Ministers and legislators from Karnataka, led by state home minister Araga Jnanendra, oppose the Union Ministry of Environment's draft notification on Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESA) in the Western Ghats, calling the Kasturirangan Report 'unscientific'. They plan to meet Union environment minister Bhupender Yadav to request the withdrawal of the report. Environmental activists argue that the opposition is driven by vested interests and misinformation, asserting that the ESA designation will not harm local livelihoods but will restrict harmful industrial activities.

Forest rights activists and policy researchers have criticized the new 2022 Forest Conservation Rules notified by the Union Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, arguing that they dilute the provisions of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. The new rules, which replace the 2003 Forest Conservation Rules, remove the requirement for Gram Sabha consent before stage II clearance, a move seen as a regression to less transparent forest diversion procedures. Critics argue that this change will streamline project approvals at the expense of tribal and forest dwellers' rights, leaving state governments to manage conflicts with local communities. The rules are set to be reviewed by the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha during the monsoon session of Parliament.

Forest-dwelling communities in Chhattisgarh and Odisha are increasingly asserting their rights over forest resources through the Forest Rights Act (FRA), particularly under the Community Forest Resource Rights (CFRR) provision. This shift has led to significant economic and social benefits, including reduced migration, increased income from forest produce, and enhanced forest management. The gram sabhas (village councils) have become the primary bodies for forest management, often clashing with the forest department. The implementation of CFRR has been supported by various non-profits and government initiatives, leading to a broader recognition of community-led ecological restoration and sustainable livelihoods.

The Chhattisgarh government has indefinitely halted three mining projects in the Hasdeo Aranya forest due to opposition from state minister TS Singh Deo. The projects, which faced significant protests from local residents and activists, involve the Parsa East Kete Basen (PEKB) second phase, Parsa, and Kete extension. Despite the halt, activists remain skeptical, viewing it as a temporary distraction rather than a genuine resolution. The Hasdeo forest, a critical ecological zone, continues to face threats from ongoing mining activities, despite being declared a 'No-Go Zone' for mining in 2009.

Wildlife activists have raised concerns over the increasing trend of wild elephants being brought into the illegal captive elephant trade, highlighted by a recent incident where 10 elephants were transported from Arunachal Pradesh to Gujarat. Despite presenting valid documents, activists suspect illegal smuggling and have called for an investigation. The Centre for Research on Animal Rights has written to forest officials, questioning the legitimacy of ownership certificates and the ethical implications of translocating elephants. The issue underscores the broader problem of illegal wildlife trade and the need for stricter enforcement of wildlife protection laws.

The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Nigeria has advised against the consumption and trade of bushmeat, including rodents and other wild animals, to prevent the spread of monkeypox. The country has confirmed 21 cases of the infection in 2022. Minister Mohammad Abubakar called for the suspension of the transport of wild animals and their products. The World Health Organization highlighted that monkeypox is transmitted through close contact with infected individuals or animals, and consuming meat from infected animals can also spread the virus. The disease primarily occurs in central and west Africa but can be exported to other regions.

Forest dwellers in Odisha's Nayagarh district have gained Community Forest Resource Rights, allowing them to auction cashews from trees in the Sulia reserve forest. The villagers of Kodalapally and Sinduria, who had nurtured the trees for decades without profit, now plan to manage the cashew sales themselves. The proceeds will support village development and forest conservation. The villagers' long battle for these rights was supported by the non-profit Vasundhara. The Forest Rights Act implementation in 2008 played a crucial role in ascertaining their rights.

The Ramgarh Vishdhari Wildlife Sanctuary was officially declared India's 52nd tiger reserve on May 16, 2022, following approval from the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in July 2021. This makes it the fourth tiger reserve in Rajasthan, joining Ranthambore, Sariska, and Mukundra. The reserve, spanning 1,501.89 sq km, is considered critical for tiger movement. Experts and conservationists, including Yadavendradev Jhala of the Wildlife Institute of India and Sedu Ram Yadav, field director of Mukundra Tiger Reserve, believe the reserve will aid in connecting tiger populations and managing overpopulation issues in Ranthambore. Wildlife activist Tapeshwar Singh Bhati also noted the reserve's role in protecting wildlife corridors and improving habitats for various species.

The Forest Rights Act of 2006 has significantly empowered the indigenous and traditional forest dwellers in India, as evidenced by the transformation of Loyendia, a small Adivasi hamlet in Odisha's Kandhamal district. The village, granted community forest resource rights in 2012, has successfully managed and rejuvenated its forest, constructed essential infrastructure, and resisted external pressures to revert control to the forest department. Despite these achievements, the village still faces challenges such as lack of basic amenities and official recognition as a revenue village. Local leaders and community members continue to advocate for their rights and development.

Villagers in Kamtana, Odisha, have successfully regenerated their local forest ecosystem after gaining community forest resource rights in 2012. This autonomy has allowed them to harvest and sell forest produce, although they face challenges due to lack of market access and occasional interference from the forest department. The community's efforts have led to the revival of various tuber species and other forest products, contributing to both environmental conservation and their livelihood.

The vaquita porpoise, found in Mexico's Gulf of California, is nearing extinction with only 10 individuals remaining. The United States Commission for Environmental Cooperation has called for immediate measures to save the species, whose population has declined by 98% over two decades. The decline is attributed to bycatch in gillnets used for shrimp and totoaba fishing. Despite Mexican laws banning gillnets and protecting totoaba, enforcement has been inadequate. Environmental organizations have urged the Mexican government to rectify this failure to prevent the vaquita's imminent extinction.

The Bombay Natural History Society has urged India's Ministry of Environment to ban three veterinary drugs that threaten vulture populations. Despite a previous ban on diclofenac for animal use, its misuse continues, and alternative drugs like aceclofenac, ketoprofen, and nimesulide are also causing vulture deaths. Vulture populations have plummeted, with eight species facing extinction. Conservation efforts have seen some success, such as the reduction of train collision deaths and a ban on ketoprofen in parts of Tamil Nadu. However, challenges remain, including pesticide poisoning, lack of awareness, and the need for more scientific evidence to enforce wider bans.

The probability of wildfire events similar to Australia's 2019-2020 Black Summer is expected to increase significantly in the future, with India already experiencing a severe forest fire season. Fires have been reported in various regions, including Rajasthan, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. The United Nations Environmental Programme's report highlights the increasing frequency and intensity of wildfires due to changing conditions and climate change. Approximately 22% of India's forest cover is highly or extremely fire-prone. Human activities are responsible for a significant portion of wildfires, with climate change and poor land management exacerbating the issue. Experts emphasize the need for better forest management to mitigate the risk.

More than 95 Himalayan griffon vultures and a steppe eagle were found dead in Assam's Kamrup district due to unintentional poisoning from carbofuran, a pesticide used by locals to kill feral dogs. The Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) and local conservationists are involved in rescue efforts, with 11 birds currently undergoing treatment. The incident highlights the ongoing issue of pesticide poisoning affecting wildlife, particularly near-threatened species like the Himalayan griffon vulture.

Residents of Musajhari, Thanapally Patna, and Derabaj villages in Odisha's Nayagarh district transformed their traditional forest after receiving a Community Forest Resource Rights title in January 2021. They reclaimed and conserved the forest, allowing moderate use of its produce. The villagers now manage 122.67 hectares, denying the forest department's silviculture activities and implementing their own rules. They have planted teak saplings, created fire lines, and established a system for guarding the forest. The initiative has led to increased biodiversity and community empowerment.

The degradation and loss of coral reefs due to global warming and anthropogenic activities could impact the livelihoods of approximately 4.5 million people in Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean. The IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report highlights the severe effects on marine biodiversity, particularly coral reefs, which support over 25% of marine life despite covering only 0.1% of the global sea surface. Economic losses in regions like Vietnam and Bangladesh are significant, and the risk of irreversible damage to marine ecosystems increases with global warming. Marine heatwaves and rising sea temperatures are exacerbating coral bleaching and mortality, with severe impacts observed in regions such as the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean.

Around 130 grey pelicans have died in Telineelapuram village, Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, due to nematode infestation. The birds, classified as 'Near Threatened' by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, were found to have consumed infected fish from local aquaculture ponds. Efforts are underway by the forest and veterinary departments to treat the birds and clean the water tanks to prevent further deaths.

Women in Marathwada, Maharashtra, are reclaiming parts of their land to grow indigenous crops like pearl millet, sesame, and green gram, driven by food shortages during COVID-19 lockdowns. This shift towards chemical-free farming and mixed-cropping is supported by non-profits like SOPPECOM, MAKAAM, and Chetna Vikas, which provide training and local seed varieties. The initiative aims to ensure food and nutrition security for families, reversing the negative impacts of commercial agriculture. Despite limited resources, the model is gaining interest among more women in the region.

Red Sanders, an Indian endemic tree species, has been reclassified as 'endangered' by the IUCN due to a significant population decline. The species, found in Andhra Pradesh, faces threats from over-exploitation, illegal trade, cattle grazing, and invasive species. Despite legal protections and conservation efforts, the slow growth and continued harvesting hinder its recovery. The species is highly valued in Asia for its use in cosmetics, medicinal products, and woodcraft, with a tonne costing between Rs 50 lakh to Rs 1 crore in the international market.

Over two decades of conservation efforts in Bhopal, India, have successfully restored the Bhoj wetland and Bhojtal lake, which were threatened by soil erosion and degrading water quality. Initiatives included planting forests, de-silting, de-weeding, and promoting organic farming. The Bhoj wetland, now home to over 250 bird species, was recognized as a Ramsar site in 2002. Despite ongoing challenges like urbanization and chemical pesticide use, the efforts have led to significant improvements in water quality and biodiversity. Key stakeholders include the Bhopal Municipal Corporation, Van Vihar National Park, and various environmental organizations.

The Sarus crane population in the Bhoj wetland has significantly increased due to concerted efforts by local communities and conservationists. From a mere 24 cranes in 2008, the population has risen to over 100 in 2021. Key initiatives include reducing pesticide use, protecting eggs, and fostering community awareness. The Wildlife Trust of India and local farmers played crucial roles in these efforts, leading to year-round breeding and a safer habitat for the cranes.

Sundari players in Maharashtra, India, are facing severe financial hardships due to the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on weddings and concerts, their primary sources of income. Gorakhnath Jadhav, a Sundari player from Solapur, has resorted to selling vegetables, while Bhimanna Jadhav, a descendant of the instrument's inventing family, has depleted his savings for his children's education. The situation is similar for Shehnai players, with Gajanan Warude from Madhya Pradesh highlighting the decline in demand for traditional musicians at weddings. Despite promises, the Madhya Pradesh government has not provided financial relief to these artists, who are struggling to preserve their cultural heritage amid the pandemic.

Since the COVID-19 lockdown in March 2020, tourist guides in Agra, India, including Nitin Singh who guided Donald Trump, have been out of work. The tourism sector, which contributes significantly to India's GDP and employment, has been severely affected. Despite financial support measures by the government, such as loans for tourist guides and stakeholders, many in the industry are struggling without a steady income. Some have shifted to alternative professions, while others call for government aid similar to France's tourism support. The Indian government has launched the 'Dekho Apna Desh' campaign to promote domestic tourism and is planning to boost inbound tourism with international campaigns.

Gond artists in Bhopal, including Ram Narayan Singh Maravi and his wife Indu Bai, have been forced to sell vegetables due to the economic impact of repeated Covid-19 lockdowns. The pandemic has severely affected their livelihood, as art exhibitions and public gatherings have been shut down since April 2020. Many artists, including Balmati Tikam and Santoshi Shyam, are struggling to make ends meet, relying on social workers and NGOs for support. The Tribal Museum of Bhopal organized a workshop to provide some financial relief to the artists. Despite the hardships, the artists continue to create paintings, hoping for better times.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated food insecurity in Madhya Pradesh, leaving many economically marginalized villagers struggling to feed their families. Despite government promises, inefficiencies in the Public Distribution System and Integrated Child Development Services have led to severe shortages of essential food items. Daily wagers and their families, particularly children and pregnant women, are the worst affected, facing malnutrition and health risks. The situation is dire, with many unable to find work or alternative sources of income, leading to increased debt and reliance on neighbors for food.

The articles cover a range of topics related to Bhopal, India. Two dancers from Bhopal represented India at the International Zouk Dance Festival, which was held online in 2020. Schools in Bhopal are preparing to reopen at 50% capacity with safety measures in place, and online classes will continue to be an option. However, parents are concerned about the safety of their children returning to school. A 17-year-old girl from Bhopal is seeking to annul her child marriage to continue her education. Van Vihar National Park successfully treated and released a bear back into the wild. Bhopal's resumption of city bus services on two routes has been well-received by commuters. Schools are awaiting guidelines on reopening and are taking necessary precautions for the safety of staff and students.