A study conducted from May 2020 to April 2021 followed 362 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) to evaluate the attack rate and neuroimaging results in MS patients with upper respiratory infections (URIs) caused by COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 infections. The study found that COVID-19 increases the risk of MS exacerbations similarly to other viral URIs. The exacerbation rate ratios (RR) for attacks related to COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 URIs were comparable, and there was no significant alteration in the number of baseline GAD-enhancing lesions during exacerbations within or outside the at-risk period (ARP). The findings suggest the need for appropriate protective measures to prevent further deterioration of MS patients' health during the pandemic.